Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Unidad de Vigilancia de la Salud, Secretaría de Salud de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 11;16(2):e0246385. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246385. eCollection 2021.
Influenza during pregnancy may cause serious neonatal outcomes including stillbirth, fetal distress, preterm birth, congenital abnormalities, and stunted growth. Pregnant women are the highest priority group for seasonal influenza vaccination, but low coverage has been repeatedly reported in this population. Understanding reasons for and for not receiving the seasonal influenza vaccine is needed to design communication strategies to increase vaccination coverage. This study aimed to describe knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of seasonal influenza vaccination among women giving birth in public maternity hospitals in Honduras.
From August 20-October 8, 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional KAP survey regarding seasonal influenza vaccinations to a sample of postpartum women who gave birth in maternity hospitals and clinics from the Ministry of Health of Honduras and Honduran Social Security Institute. We reported frequency distributions for demographics, KAP of influenza vaccine, and vaccination coverage. We used logistic regression to analyze unadjusted and adjusted associations between sociodemographic characteristics and influenza vaccination.
We surveyed 842 postpartum women in 17 healthcare facilities. Of 534 postpartum women with term pregnancy and verified vaccinations, 417 (78.1%; 95% CI: 74.6-81.6%) were vaccinated for influenza. Factors associated with verified influenza vaccination included receipt of vaccination recommendations by a healthcare worker during prenatal check-ups (aOR: 16.46; 95% CI: 9.73-27.85), concurrent chronic disease (aOR: 5.00; 95% CI: 1.25-20.07), and influenza vaccination of other children in the household (aOR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.19-4.39). The most cited reasons for vaccination were perceived benefits for both mother and infant and easy access. Reasons for non-vaccination were: vaccine was not offered and fear of side effects, harm to the infant, and needles or pain caused by injection.
Influenza vaccination was well received among postpartum women in Honduras. Increasing clinician recommendations for vaccination and assuring the vaccine is readily available to women during prenatal visits may increase vaccination rates.
流感在孕期可导致严重的新生儿结局，包括死胎、胎儿窘迫、早产、先天畸形和生长受限。孕妇是季节性流感疫苗接种的最高优先人群，但该人群的接种率一直很低。了解孕妇接种和不接种季节性流感疫苗的原因，对于设计提高疫苗接种率的沟通策略很有必要。本研究旨在描述洪都拉斯公立医院分娩的孕妇对季节性流感疫苗接种的知识、态度和实践（KAP）。
2018 年 8 月 20 日至 10 月 8 日，我们对洪都拉斯卫生部和洪都拉斯社会保障研究所下属的妇产医院和诊所分娩的产后妇女进行了一项关于季节性流感疫苗接种的 KAP 横断面调查。我们报告了人口统计学、流感疫苗 KAP 和疫苗接种率的频率分布。我们使用逻辑回归分析了社会人口特征与流感疫苗接种之间的未调整和调整关联。
我们在 17 家医疗保健机构调查了 842 名产后妇女。在 534 名足月妊娠且经证实接种疫苗的产后妇女中，有 417 名（78.1%；95%置信区间：74.6-81.6%）接种了流感疫苗。与经证实的流感疫苗接种相关的因素包括在产前检查期间获得医务人员的疫苗接种建议（优势比：16.46；95%置信区间：9.73-27.85）、合并慢性疾病（优势比：5.00；95%置信区间：1.25-20.07）和家庭中其他儿童接种流感疫苗（优势比：2.28；95%置信区间：1.19-4.39）。接种疫苗的最主要原因是认为对母亲和婴儿都有好处，且接种方便。不接种疫苗的原因包括疫苗未提供、担心副作用、对婴儿有害以及注射引起的疼痛和针剂恐惧。
洪都拉斯产后妇女对流感疫苗接种的接受度较高。增加临床医生对疫苗接种的推荐，并确保妇女在产前就诊时随时可获得疫苗，可能会提高疫苗接种率。
