Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Feb 23;22(1):385. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12782-0.
In China, the national prevalence of parental influenza vaccine hesitancy (IVH) during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the association between risk perception and parental IVH are still unclear. We aimed to explore the association between risk perception and IVH for children among reproductive women in China, a poorly studied area.
From December 14, 2020, to January 31, 2021, we conducted a national anonymous online survey on IVH for children among reproductive women in China. We assessed risk perception including perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, and benefits using the Health Belief Model and then classified each variable into three groups based on tertiles. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of risk perception related to vaccine hesitancy after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and knowledge of influenza, among other factors. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed.
Among 3,011 reproductive women, 9.13% reported IVH. In multivariable models, vaccine hesitancy was associated with low perceived susceptibility (aOR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.79-3.65), higher perceived barriers (moderate: aOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.04-2.08; high: aOR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.47-3.30), and low perceived benefit (moderate: aOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.03-1.92; low: aOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.43-3.07). Subgroup analysis showed that vaccine hesitancy was more likely to occur among women with high perceived barriers aged < 30 years compared with those older than 30 years (P for difference = 0.041) and among women with moderate perceived benefit who had never conceived compared with those had a history of pregnancy (P for difference = 0.048).
Nearly one in 10 reproductive women was hesitant about influenza vaccination for their children during the COVID-19 pandemic. To mitigate vaccine hesitancy, our findings highlight a need for tailored public health measures to increase perceived disease susceptibility and vaccine benefit and decrease perceived barriers. Furthermore, the effect of high perceived barriers and moderate perceived benefit on vaccine hesitancy was higher among younger women and women who had never conceived.
在中国，2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，父母对流感疫苗的犹豫（IVH）的全国流行率以及风险认知与父母 IVH 之间的关系尚不清楚。我们旨在探讨中国育龄妇女中儿童 IVH 与风险认知之间的关系，这是一个研究较少的领域。
2020 年 12 月 14 日至 2021 年 1 月 31 日，我们在中国进行了一项针对育龄妇女中儿童 IVH 的全国性匿名在线调查。我们使用健康信念模型评估了风险认知，包括感知易感性、严重性、障碍和益处，然后根据三分位数将每个变量分为三组。在控制社会人口统计学特征、健康状况和流感知识等因素后，使用逻辑回归模型计算与疫苗犹豫相关的风险认知的调整优势比（aOR）。此外，还进行了亚组分析。
在 3011 名育龄妇女中，有 9.13%报告了 IVH。在多变量模型中，疫苗犹豫与低感知易感性（aOR=2.55，95%CI：1.79-3.65）、较高的感知障碍（中度：aOR=1.47，95%CI：1.04-2.08；高：aOR=2.20，95%CI：1.47-3.30）和低感知益处（中度：aOR=1.40，95%CI：1.03-1.92；低：aOR=2.10，95%CI：1.43-3.07）相关。亚组分析显示，与 30 岁以上的女性相比，感知障碍较高且年龄<30 岁的女性更容易出现疫苗犹豫（差异 P 值=0.041），与从未怀孕的感知益处中等的女性相比，有过怀孕史的女性更容易出现疫苗犹豫（差异 P 值=0.048）。
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，近十分之一的育龄妇女对为子女接种流感疫苗犹豫不决。为了减轻疫苗犹豫，我们的研究结果强调需要采取有针对性的公共卫生措施来提高对疾病易感性和疫苗益处的认识，并减少感知障碍。此外，感知障碍高和感知益处中等对疫苗犹豫的影响在年轻女性和从未怀孕的女性中更高。
