Kłoszewska Marta, Łyszczarz Błażej, Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia
Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-830 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Brain Sci. 2021 Jan 29;11(2):170. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11020170.
Identification of risk factors for cognitive impairment is crucial for providing proper care and treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic and health-related factors and the severity of cognitive impairment in elderly patients. In this retrospective study, we assessed the medical documentation of 323 patients aged 60+ years hospitalized in a geriatric clinic of university hospital. The patients were classified into five groups of cognitive impairment severity based on the Mini Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test. Kruskal-Wallis and Chi square tests and multivariate ordinal logistic regression were used to assess relationships involved. Cognitive impairment was identified in 84.2% of subjects. The following factors were indicative for higher level of cognitive disorders: primary and vocational education, older age, presence of vascular brain injury, and inability of walking independently. On the other hand, the factors associated with lower severity of cognitive impairment were co-morbid anxiety disorders, ischemic heart disease, and a higher BMI index. Dementia is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality in the elderly. Enhancing knowledge about the risk factors that worsen cognition is particularly relevant for accelerating the diagnosis of dementia and improving patient care.
识别认知障碍的风险因素对于提供恰当的护理和治疗至关重要。本研究的目的是调查社会人口统计学和健康相关因素与老年患者认知障碍严重程度之间的关系。在这项回顾性研究中，我们评估了在大学医院老年诊所住院的323名60岁及以上患者的医疗记录。根据简易精神状态检查表和画钟试验，将患者分为五组认知障碍严重程度。采用Kruskal-Wallis检验、卡方检验和多变量有序逻辑回归来评估所涉及的关系。84.2%的受试者被确定存在认知障碍。以下因素表明认知障碍程度较高：小学和职业教育程度、年龄较大、存在脑血管损伤以及无法独立行走。另一方面，与认知障碍严重程度较低相关的因素是合并焦虑症、缺血性心脏病和较高的体重指数。痴呆是老年人残疾和死亡的主要原因之一。加强对恶化认知的风险因素的了解对于加速痴呆症的诊断和改善患者护理尤为重要。
