Katayama Osamu, Lee Sangyoon, Bae Seongryu, Makino Keitaro, Shinkai Yohei, Chiba Ippei, Harada Kenji, Shimada Hiroyuki
Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu City 474-8511, Aichi, Japan.
J Clin Med. 2020 Apr 10;9(4):1076. doi: 10.3390/jcm9041076.
This study clarified the patterns of possessing modifiable risk factors of dementia that can be corrected by the elderly who were primarily determined to have mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and then determined the relationship between retention patterns and outcomes from MCI through a 4-year follow-up study. The participants were 789 community-dwelling elders who were ≥65 years old with MCI at baseline. After 4 years, participants were classified into reverters and nonreverters, according to their cognitive function. Repeated measures analysis was performed after imputing missing values due to dropout. Nine modifiable risk factors at baseline were classified by latent class analysis. Subsequently, we performed binomial logistic regression analysis. The reversion rate of 789 participants was 30.9%. The possession patterns of modifiable risk factors among the elderly with MCI were classified into five patterns: low risk, psychosocial, health behavior, educational, and smoking factors. According to logistic regression analysis, the low risk factors class was more likely to recover from MCI to normal cognitive than the other classes ( < 0.05). These results may provide useful information for designing interventions to prevent cognitive decline and dementia in individuals with MCI.
本研究明确了主要被判定为轻度认知障碍（MCI）的老年人可修正的痴呆风险因素模式，这些因素能够被老年人自身修正，随后通过一项为期4年的随访研究确定了保留模式与MCI转归之间的关系。研究对象为789名社区居住的老年人，他们在基线时年龄≥65岁且患有MCI。4年后，根据认知功能将参与者分为恢复者和未恢复者。在对因失访导致的缺失值进行插补后，进行重复测量分析。通过潜在类别分析对基线时的9个可修正风险因素进行分类。随后，我们进行了二项逻辑回归分析。789名参与者的恢复率为30.9%。MCI老年人中可修正风险因素的拥有模式分为五种：低风险、心理社会、健康行为、教育和吸烟因素。根据逻辑回归分析，低风险因素类别比其他类别更有可能从MCI恢复到正常认知水平（P<0.05）。这些结果可能为设计预防MCI个体认知衰退和痴呆的干预措施提供有用信息。
