Acris De Carvalho Fredson Márcio, Silva-Sousa Yara Teresinha Corrêa, Saraiva Miranda Carlos Eduardo, Miller Calderon Paulo Henrique, Barbosa Ana Flávia Simões, Domingues De Macedo Luciana Martins, Abi Rached-Junior Fuad Jacob
School of Dentistry, Amazonas State University, R. Bloco Um e Três, 4-40-Platô do Piquiá, Manaus, AM 69850-000, Brazil.
School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Av. Costábile Romano, 2201-Nova Ribeirânia, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14096-900, Brazil.
Int J Dent. 2021 Jan 27;2021:6697988. doi: 10.1155/2021/6697988. eCollection 2021.
To evaluate the influence of ultrasonic activation on the physicochemical properties of setting time (ST), flow (FL), dimensional change (DC), and solubility (SL) of the cements: MTA, MTA Repair HP, and Biodentine®.
Two experimental groups were formed according to the cement activation protocol: without ultrasonic activation and with ultrasonic activation. Cements were manipulated according to the manufacturers' instructions. Ultrasonic activation group was performed with an E1 insert at power 3 (24-32 kHz) for 30 s directly in the center of the cement mass. The molds for analysis of the physicochemical properties were filled out and evaluated according to specification No. 57 from ANSI/ADA. The results were analyzed using the ANOVA test (two-way), complemented by Tukey's test ( = 0.05). The distilled water used during the solubility test was submitted to spectrometry to verify the release of calcium ions. The morphologies of the external surface and the cross-section of the samples were analyzed by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
For the ST, ultrasonic activation reduced the values of MTA, MTA Repair HP, and Biodentine ( < 0.05). For the FL, ultrasonic activation did not alter the flow of MTA ( > 0.05); however, it increased the flow MTA Repair HP and Biodentine ( < 0.05). For the DC, the percentage values of dimensional change were higher when there was ultrasonic activation in all repair cements ( < 0.05). For SL, there was a reduction in the percentage of the values in MTA and MTA Repair HP ( < 0.05); however, there was no change in the values of Biodentine ( > 0.05). Ultrasonic activation favored the release of calcium ions from all cements. The SEM analysis showed, in general, that the ultrasonic activation reduced and altered the particle shape of the cement.
The ultrasonic activation interfered in the ST, DC, FL, ultrastructural morphology, and calcium release of the repair cements. However, it did not affect the solubility of Biodentine®.
评估超声激活对MTA、MTA Repair HP和BioDentine®三种骨水泥的凝固时间（ST）、流动性（FL）、尺寸变化（DC）和溶解性（SL）等物理化学性质的影响。
根据骨水泥激活方案形成两个实验组：未进行超声激活组和进行超声激活组。骨水泥按照制造商的说明进行操作。超声激活组使用E1插入件，功率为3（24 - 32kHz），在骨水泥团块中心直接作用30秒。用于分析物理化学性质的模具被填满，并根据ANSI/ADA规范57进行评估。结果采用双因素方差分析进行分析，并辅以Tukey检验（α = 0.05）。溶解度测试中使用的蒸馏水进行光谱分析，以验证钙离子的释放情况。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析样品的外表面和横截面的形态。
对于凝固时间，超声激活降低了MTA、MTA Repair HP和BioDentine的数值（P < 0.05）。对于流动性，超声激活未改变MTA的流动性（P > 0.05）；然而，它增加了MTA Repair HP和BioDentine的流动性（P < 0.05）。对于尺寸变化，所有修复骨水泥在进行超声激活时尺寸变化的百分比值更高（P < 0.05）。对于溶解性，MTA和MTA Repair HP的数值百分比有所降低（P < 0.05）；然而，BioDentine的数值没有变化（P > 0.05）。超声激活有利于所有骨水泥中钙离子的释放。SEM分析总体表明，超声激活减小并改变了骨水泥的颗粒形状。
超声激活对修复骨水泥的凝固时间、尺寸变化、流动性、超微结构形态和钙释放有影响。然而，它不影响BioDentine®的溶解性。
