Racionero-Plaza Sandra, Tellado Itxaso, Aguilera Antonio, Prados Mar
Department of Sociology, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Pedagogy, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Spain.
AIMS Public Health. 2021 Jan 4;8(1):66-80. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2021005. eCollection 2021.
Gender violence among youth is a worldwide public health problem. Youth is increasingly exposed to violence in sexual-affective relationships, both stable and sporadic, and the age of victimization decreases. This adverse life experience affects many areas of youth's life, such as education, social relationships and, especially, their physical and mental health, with consequences that can be very harmful in the short and long-term. This situation has given rise to many anti-violence programs for adolescents and youth, yet as some worldwide prestigious organizations, like the American Psychological Association, have pointed out, many of those programs do not work. In this article, we present a program of preventive socialization of gender violence addressed to adolescents that has proven effectiveness. The program was composed of seven interventions based on the social impact of the evidence on preventive socialization of gender violence. It was applied at a group level in groups of 15-16 years old teenagers in three high schools in Barcelona. The interventions were conducted over a period of one school year and shared the trait of discussing research evidence on preventive socialization of gender violence with the youth through egalitarian dialogue. These interventions have proved to have a preventive effect of gender violence victimization on the participating teenagers by raising their critical consciousness regarding a coercive dominant discourse in society that associates attractiveness and violence, supporting the transformation of their memories of violent sexual-affective relationships, and providing them tools to better analyze their and their friends' sexual-affective relationships along the lines of identifying gender violence and being more prepared to help others in this regard. The manuscript describes every intervention applied.
青少年中的性别暴力是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。青少年越来越多地在稳定和偶尔的性情感关系中遭受暴力，而且受害年龄呈下降趋势。这种不良的生活经历会影响青少年生活的许多方面，如教育、社会关系，尤其是他们的身心健康，其后果在短期和长期内都可能非常有害。这种情况催生了许多针对青少年和青年的反暴力项目，然而，正如一些世界著名组织，如美国心理协会所指出的，其中许多项目并不奏效。在本文中，我们介绍了一个针对青少年的性别暴力预防性社会化项目，该项目已被证明是有效的。该项目由基于性别暴力预防性社会化证据的社会影响的七项干预措施组成。它在巴塞罗那三所高中的15 - 16岁青少年群体中以小组形式实施。这些干预措施在一学年的时间内进行，其共同特点是通过平等对话与青少年讨论性别暴力预防性社会化的研究证据。这些干预措施已证明对参与项目的青少年的性别暴力受害情况具有预防作用，具体表现为提高他们对社会中一种将吸引力与暴力联系起来的强制性主导话语的批判意识；支持他们对暴力性情感关系记忆的转变；并为他们提供工具，以便更好地从识别性别暴力以及在这方面更有准备地帮助他人的角度分析自己和朋友的性情感关系。本文手稿描述了所应用的每一项干预措施。
