Hilarydoss Sharon
Adhoc Faculty, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh, Tadepalligudem, Andhra Pradesh, 534 101, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jun;30(28):71491-71510. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12402-1. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
Irrigation is an essential part of agriculture which helps to sustain crop growth and increase food productivity. Most of the nations around the globe have adopted diesel fuel-based pumping units to irrigate their farm lands. However, increased fuel cost and strict emission laws have made these nations to look for alternate and clean energy powered pumping units. Solar water pumping units are more promising alternate to address these concerns. In this review work, types and concepts of available solar thermal and electric energy-based water pumping units are discussed. Suitability of solar PV pumping units in comparison to thermal energy-based units has been listed out. Detailed procedure for sizing solar PV pumping units by considering crop water requirement, head of pump, and local climatic conditions like solar radiation intensity and rainfall have been provided based on inputs from available literatures. In addition, step by step procedure to estimate economics and environmental impacts associated with solar PV water pumping units along with results of latest studies in these areas have also been presented. Solar PV water pumping units are highly recommended for regions with at least 300 to 400 mm rainfall per year and 2 km away from local grid power supply. Moreover, operation of solar PV water pumping units in on-grid mode can reduce its payback period significantly. Pumping cost associated with diesel units are 300.0% higher than solar PV units. Hence, solar PV water pumping units can be considered as an effective and sustainable option to irrigate farmlands. Advantages, limitations of solar PV water pumping, and strategies to improve its acceptability among farmers have also been provided.
灌溉是农业的重要组成部分，有助于维持作物生长并提高粮食产量。全球大多数国家都采用了以柴油为燃料的抽水装置来灌溉农田。然而，燃料成本的增加和严格的排放法规促使这些国家寻找替代的清洁能源驱动的抽水装置。太阳能抽水装置是解决这些问题更有前景的替代方案。在这项综述工作中，讨论了现有的基于太阳能热和电能的抽水装置的类型和概念。列出了太阳能光伏抽水装置与基于热能的装置相比的适用性。基于现有文献的资料，提供了通过考虑作物需水量、泵扬程以及太阳辐射强度和降雨等当地气候条件来确定太阳能光伏抽水装置规模的详细程序。此外，还介绍了估算太阳能光伏抽水装置相关经济和环境影响的逐步程序以及这些领域最新研究的结果。强烈推荐在年降雨量至少为300至400毫米且距离当地电网供电2公里以外的地区使用太阳能光伏抽水装置。此外，太阳能光伏抽水装置以并网模式运行可显著缩短其投资回收期。与柴油装置相关的抽水成本比太阳能光伏装置高300.0%。因此，太阳能光伏抽水装置可被视为灌溉农田的有效且可持续的选择。还提供了太阳能光伏抽水的优点、局限性以及提高其在农民中接受度的策略。
