Becque M D, Katch V L, Rocchini A P, Marks C R, Moorehead C
Section of Pediatric Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Pediatrics. 1988 May;81(5):605-12.
The incidence of coronary heart disease risk factors and the effects of 20 weeks of diet and exercise were studied in 36 obese adolescents. Values for the following risk factors were determined: serum triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level, total cholesterol level, systolic and diastolic BP, maximum work capacity, obesity, and presence of coronary heart disease in the family history. Of the subjects, 97% had four or more risk factors. Two subjects possessed all eight risk factors. The adolescents were randomly assigned to either a control, diet therapy and behavior change, or exercise, diet therapy, and behavior change group. From pre- to posttreatment, a 14.8% and 41.4% reduction in multiple risk was noted for the latter two groups, respectively. No significant difference between the control group and the diet and behavior change group was found. In contrast, the exercise-diet-behavior change group reduced multiple risk (P less than .01) more than either of the other groups. It was concluded that obese adolescents are at high risk for the development of coronary heart disease and that exercise in addition to moderate dietary restriction can result in the reduction of multiple coronary heart disease risk.
对36名肥胖青少年进行了冠心病危险因素的发生率以及20周饮食和运动影响的研究。测定了以下危险因素的值：血清甘油三酯水平、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平、总胆固醇水平、收缩压和舒张压、最大工作能力、肥胖情况以及家族病史中是否存在冠心病。在这些受试者中，97%有四种或更多危险因素。两名受试者具备所有八项危险因素。这些青少年被随机分为对照组、饮食疗法和行为改变组或运动、饮食疗法和行为改变组。从治疗前到治疗后，后两组的多重危险因素分别降低了14.8%和41.4%。对照组与饮食和行为改变组之间未发现显著差异。相比之下，运动 - 饮食 - 行为改变组降低多重危险因素的程度（P小于0.01）比其他任何一组都更大。得出的结论是，肥胖青少年患冠心病的风险很高，并且除适度饮食限制外进行运动可降低多种冠心病风险。
