Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng Srinagar, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Jul 3;17(7):1897-1909. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1871295. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has created havoc worldwide. Due to the non-availability of any vaccine or drugs against COVID-19, immunotherapies involving convalescent plasma, immunoglobulins, antibodies (monoclonal or polyclonal), and the use of immunomodulatory agents to enhance immunity are valuable alternative options. Cell-based therapies including natural killer cells, T cells, stem cells along with cytokines and toll-like receptors (TLRs) based therapies are also being exploited potentially against COVID-19. Future research need to strengthen the field of developing effective immunotherapeutics and immunomodulators with a thrust of providing appropriate, affordable, convenient, and cost-effective prophylactic and treatment regimens to combat global COVID-19 crisis that has led to a state of medical emergency enforcing entire countries of the world to devote their research infrastructure and manpower in tackling this pandemic.
由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）引起的冠状病毒疾病（COVID-19）大流行在全球范围内造成了严重破坏。由于目前尚无针对 COVID-19 的疫苗或药物，因此涉及恢复期血浆、免疫球蛋白、抗体（单克隆或多克隆）的免疫疗法以及使用免疫调节剂来增强免疫力是有价值的替代选择。细胞疗法包括自然杀伤细胞、T 细胞、干细胞以及细胞因子和 Toll 样受体（TLR）疗法也在被开发用于对抗 COVID-19。未来的研究需要加强开发有效免疫疗法和免疫调节剂的领域，重点是提供适当、负担得起、方便和具有成本效益的预防和治疗方案，以应对导致全球医疗紧急状态的 COVID-19 危机，迫使世界各国投入其研究基础设施和人力来应对这一流行病。
