Department of Pathology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2020;18(69):64-67.
Background Helicobacter pylori infection is on a steep decline in most of the developed countries; however, in developing countries like Nepal such steep decline is not seen. This may be due to failure of treatment regimens and emergence of drug resistance. Our previous study done in 2004/2005 showed 38% prevalence of Helicobacter pylori. The present study has been conducted to review the prevalence and clinical diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori with reference to histo-pathological diagnosis. Method This was retrospective study done at Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital over a period of 13 years from January 2006 to December 2018. Helicobacter pylori proven cases were retrospectively analyzed with clinical features and endoscopy findings. The clinical picture were categorized into antral gastritis, gastroduodenits, erosive duodenitis, acid peptic disease, reflux esophagitis, hiatal hernia, polyp, ulcer (gastric and duodenal), acute abdomen, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and malignancy. Result A total of 1624 upper gastrointestinal endoscopy biopsies were taken during the study period. Helicobacter pylori infection was seen in 618 (38.0%) cases out of 1624 cases. Helicobacter pylori were seen in 349 male and 269 female patients with male to female ratio of 1.29:1. Clinically, gastritis 210 (41.4%), acid peptic disease74 (42.7%), gastroduodenitis 46 (37.7%), reflux esophagitis 38 (52.7%), gastric ulcer 48 (28.4%), duodenal ulcer 34 (53.1%) and acute abdomen 50 (42.3%) cases were seen respectively. Conclusion Most commonly Helicobacter pylori cause chronic gastritis in our context. There is no significant change in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection as compared to our previous study (2004/05). This needs proper management of Helicobacter pylori infection to prevent serious complication such as gastric cancer in our part of the world.
在大多数发达国家，幽门螺杆菌感染呈急剧下降趋势；然而，在尼泊尔等发展中国家，这种急剧下降的趋势并未出现。这可能是由于治疗方案的失败和耐药性的出现。我们之前在 2004/2005 年进行的研究显示，幽门螺杆菌的患病率为 38%。本研究旨在回顾幽门螺杆菌的流行情况和临床诊断，并参考组织病理学诊断。
这是一项回顾性研究，于 2006 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月在加德满都大学医院 Dhulikhel 医院进行，为期 13 年。回顾性分析了经证实的幽门螺杆菌病例，并结合临床特征和内镜检查结果进行分析。临床特征分为胃炎、胃十二指肠炎、糜烂性十二指肠炎、酸相关疾病、反流性食管炎、食管裂孔疝、息肉、溃疡（胃和十二指肠）、急性腹痛、上消化道出血和恶性肿瘤。
在研究期间共进行了 1624 例上消化道内镜活检。在 1624 例病例中，有 618 例（38.0%）感染了幽门螺杆菌。在 349 名男性和 269 名女性患者中发现了幽门螺杆菌，男女比例为 1.29:1。临床上，胃炎 210 例（41.4%）、酸相关疾病 74 例（42.7%）、胃十二指肠炎 46 例（37.7%）、反流性食管炎 38 例（52.7%）、胃溃疡 48 例（28.4%）、十二指肠溃疡 34 例（53.1%）和急性腹痛 50 例（42.3%）。
在我们的研究中，幽门螺杆菌最常见引起慢性胃炎。与我们之前的研究（2004/05 年）相比，幽门螺杆菌感染的流行率没有明显变化。在我们所在的地区，需要对幽门螺杆菌感染进行适当的管理，以预防胃癌等严重并发症的发生。
