Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14665-354, Iran.
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14665-354, Iran.
Rev Neurosci. 2021 Feb 15;32(6):671-691. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0116. Print 2021 Aug 26.
The sudden and storming onset of coronavirus 2 infection (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) was associated by severe acute respiratory syndrome. Recently, corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) has appeared as a pandemic throughout the world. The mutational nature of the virus, along with the different means of entering and spreading throughout the body has involved different organs. Thus, patients are faced with a wide range of symptoms and signs. Neurological symptoms, such as anosmia, agnosia, stroke, paralysis, cranial nerve deficits, encephalopathy, meningitis, delirium and seizures, are reported as common complications affecting the course of the disease and its treatment. In this review, special attention was paid to reports that addressed the acute or chronic neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients who may present acute respiratory syndrome or not. Moreover, we discussed the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) complications in SARS-Cov2-infected patients, and also the pathophysiology of neurological abnormalities in COVID-19.
新型冠状病毒 2 感染（严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 [SARS-CoV-2]）的突然和猛烈发作与严重急性呼吸系统综合征有关。最近，新型冠状病毒病 19（COVID-19）已在全球范围内出现大流行。病毒的突变性质以及进入和在体内传播的不同方式涉及不同的器官。因此，患者面临着广泛的症状和体征。神经系统症状，如嗅觉丧失、失认症、中风、瘫痪、颅神经缺陷、脑病、脑膜炎、谵妄和癫痫发作，被报道为常见并发症，影响疾病的进程和治疗。在这篇综述中，特别关注了那些报道 COVID-19 患者急性或慢性神经系统表现的报告，这些患者可能表现出急性呼吸综合征，也可能没有。此外，我们还讨论了 SARS-CoV2 感染患者的中枢神经系统（CNS）和周围神经系统（PNS）并发症，以及 COVID-19 中神经功能异常的病理生理学。
