Dresang Haley C, Warren Tessa, Hula William D, Dickey Michael Walsh
Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 28;12:589930. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.589930. eCollection 2021.
The information theoretic principle of rational adaptation predicts that individuals with aphasia adapt to their language impairments by relying more heavily on comparatively unimpaired non-linguistic knowledge to communicate. This prediction was examined by assessing the extent to which adults with chronic aphasia due to left-hemisphere stroke rely more on conceptual rather than lexical information during verb retrieval, as compared to age-matched neurotypical controls. A primed verb naming task examined the degree of facilitation each participant group received from either conceptual event-related or lexical collocate cues, compared to unrelated baseline cues. The results provide evidence that adults with aphasia received amplified facilitation from conceptual cues compared to controls, whereas healthy controls received greater facilitation from lexical cues. This indicates that adaptation to alternative and relatively unimpaired information may facilitate successful word retrieval in aphasia. Implications for models of rational adaptation and clinical neurorehabilitation are discussed.
理性适应的信息理论原则预测，失语症患者通过更依赖相对未受损的非语言知识来进行交流，从而适应其语言障碍。通过评估因左半球中风导致慢性失语症的成年人在动词检索过程中比年龄匹配的神经典型对照组更多地依赖概念信息而非词汇信息的程度，对这一预测进行了检验。一项启动动词命名任务考察了与不相关的基线线索相比，每个参与者组从概念事件相关线索或词汇搭配线索中获得的促进程度。结果表明，与对照组相比，失语症成年人从概念线索中获得了更大的促进作用，而健康对照组从词汇线索中获得了更大的促进作用。这表明，适应替代的和相对未受损的信息可能有助于失语症患者成功进行单词检索。文中还讨论了对理性适应模型和临床神经康复的启示。
