Schindler Simon, Trede Martin
Department of Psychology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 28;12:626087. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626087. eCollection 2021.
Research on social exclusion suggests an increased attention of excluded persons to subtle social cues. In one study ( = 32), published in , Bernstein et al. (2008) provided evidence for this idea by showing that participants in the social exclusion condition were better in correctly categorizing a target person's smile as real or fake. Although highly cited, this finding has never been directly replicated. The present study aimed to fill that gap. 201 participants (79.1% female) were randomly assigned to a social exclusion, social inclusion or control condition. Next, participants watched 20 videos of smiling persons and rated whether they show a real or a fake smile. In line with the original study, results showed that participants in the exclusion condition performed better than in the control condition. However, the performance did not differ between the exclusion and inclusion condition-although the pattern was in the predicted direction. In sum, the findings of our study increase rather than decrease confidence in the validity of the investigated idea, but results point to a substantially smaller effect.
关于社会排斥的研究表明，被排斥者会更加关注微妙的社会线索。在一项发表于[具体期刊未给出]的研究中（样本量(n = 32)），伯恩斯坦等人（2008年）通过表明处于社会排斥条件下的参与者在正确将目标人物的微笑归类为真实或虚假方面表现更好，为这一观点提供了证据。尽管该发现被大量引用，但从未被直接重复验证。本研究旨在填补这一空白。201名参与者（79.1%为女性）被随机分配到社会排斥、社会包容或控制条件组。接下来，参与者观看20段微笑者的视频，并对他们展示的是真实微笑还是虚假微笑进行评分。与原始研究一致，结果表明处于排斥条件下的参与者比处于控制条件下的参与者表现更好。然而，排斥条件和包容条件下的表现没有差异——尽管趋势符合预期方向。总之，我们的研究结果增强而非降低了对所研究观点有效性的信心，但结果表明效应要小得多。
