İşlek Akif, Balcı Mustafa Koray
Nusaybin State Hospital, Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Clinic, Adar Street, 10/A-10, Nusaybin, Mardin, Turkey.
Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Clinic, Katip Celebi University, İzmir, Turkey.
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022 Oct;74(Suppl 2):2873-2877. doi: 10.1007/s12070-021-02420-3. Epub 2021 Feb 6.
Olfactory and taste dysfunction has been reported as a specific, preliminary symptom in COVID-19, but a few comparative studies with quantitative tests are reported. In this study, we aimed to compare the butanol olfactory threshold values between COVID-19 patients and healthy volunteers.A cross-sectional study was designed. A total of 53 patients were included in the COVID-19 group and the control group. The definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 was made with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. Frequency of odor and taste dysfunction and other head and neck system-specific and other symptoms were recorded. Afterward, olfactory threshold values determined according to Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test principle for study groups. 21 patients included in the COVID-19 group and 32 patients in the control group. Symptom onset time was 7.1 ± 3.1 (min: 3, max: 14) days for COVID-19 patients. The most common symptom in the otolaryngology system was olfactory dysfunction (n = 15, 71.4%). The butanol olfactory threshold value was determined as an average of 4.4 ± 1.9 in the COVID-19 group and 6.4 ± 0.8 in the control group ( < 0.001, 95% CI 2.9-1.0). The sensitivity of the butanol threshold test for COVID-19 related olfactory dysfunction was 80.0% and the specificity was 66.6%. For differential, early and initial, diagnosis of COVID-19, complaint of the smell dysfunctions, and impairment butanol threshold may be a distinctive indicator.
嗅觉和味觉功能障碍已被报道为新冠病毒病的一种特定的早期症状，但很少有进行定量测试的比较研究。在本研究中，我们旨在比较新冠病毒病患者和健康志愿者之间的丁醇嗅觉阈值。设计了一项横断面研究。新冠病毒病组和对照组共纳入53例患者。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测对新冠病毒病进行确诊。记录嗅觉和味觉功能障碍以及其他头颈部系统特异性症状和其他症状的发生频率。之后，根据康涅狄格化学感觉临床研究中心（CCCRC）测试原理确定研究组的嗅觉阈值。新冠病毒病组纳入21例患者，对照组纳入32例患者。新冠病毒病患者的症状出现时间为7.1±3.1（最小值：3，最大值：14）天。耳鼻喉科系统中最常见的症状是嗅觉功能障碍（n = 15，71.4%）。新冠病毒病组的丁醇嗅觉阈值平均确定为4.4±1.9，对照组为6.4±0.8（<0.001，95%置信区间2.9 - 1.0）。丁醇阈值测试对新冠病毒病相关嗅觉功能障碍的敏感性为80.0%，特异性为66.6%。对于新冠病毒病的鉴别、早期和初步诊断，嗅觉功能障碍的主诉以及丁醇阈值受损可能是一个独特的指标。
