Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Vet Med Sci. 2021 May;7(3):843-850. doi: 10.1002/vms3.448. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Short-term electrocardiography is one of the most suitable tools to study the electrical activity of the heart, but the use of a tool such as a Holter-monitor with the ability to assess the long-term of the heart electrical activity, can provide more accurate information about these activities by comparing the results. It is possible to understand the superiority of each over the other and the resulting differences. Therefore, 60 female Holstein cows in 10 age groups, including 1 day, 1, 3, 6 months, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 years were included in the study (6 heads in each age group). Electrocardiography (for 5 min) and Holter-monitoring (for 24 hr) were performed from the entire study population. The Q, R and T amplitudes in electrocardiography were significantly higher than those in Holter-monitoring. The P, R and T durations and P-R, R-R, Q-T and S-T intervals at all ages were significantly longer in the Holter-monitoring than in the electrocardiographic method. The heart rate of animals was significantly lower in the 24-hr Holter-monitoring than in the short-term electrocardiography. The trend of changes of all parameters was significant during ageing. Cardiac arrhythmias included sinus arrhythmia and sino-atrial block, which were the most common cardiac arrhythmias in the 24-hr Holter-monitoring. It appears that long-term Holter-monitoring is a more reliable method than short-term electrocardiography to assess cardiac arrhythmias. Additionally, the indicators of electrical activity of the heart (waves) in the Holter-monitoring method are significantly different from short-term electrocardiography, which is probably due to the collection of information over a long period and in non-stressful situations. Furthermore, it appears that the use of the 24-hr Holter-monitoring method is preferable to the short-term electrocardiography method to evaluate the electrical activity of the heart of cows at all ages.
短期心电图是研究心脏电活动最适宜的工具之一，但使用能够评估心脏电活动长期情况的 Holter 监测仪等工具，通过比较结果，可以提供更准确的关于这些活动的信息。可以了解彼此的优势和产生的差异。因此，本研究纳入了 10 个年龄组的 60 头荷斯坦奶牛，包括 1 天、1、3、6 个月、1、2、3、4、6 和 8 岁（每个年龄组 6 头）。对所有研究对象进行心电图（5 分钟）和 Holter 监测（24 小时）。心电图的 Q、R 和 T 波振幅明显高于 Holter 监测。所有年龄组的 P、R 和 T 持续时间以及 P-R、R-R、Q-T 和 S-T 间隔在 Holter 监测中均明显长于心电图法。动物的心率在 24 小时 Holter 监测中明显低于短期心电图。所有参数的变化趋势在老化过程中均有显著意义。心律失常包括窦性心律失常和窦房传导阻滞，这是 24 小时 Holter 监测中最常见的心律失常。似乎长期 Holter 监测比短期心电图更能可靠地评估心律失常。此外，Holter 监测方法中心脏电活动（波）的指标与短期心电图明显不同，这可能是由于长时间、非应激情况下收集信息所致。此外，似乎使用 24 小时 Holter 监测方法比短期心电图方法更能评估所有年龄段奶牛的心脏电活动。
