Time of Detection of Prions in the Brain by Nanoscale Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry Is Comparable to Animal Bioassay.

Prions cause transmissible and inevitably fatal neurological diseases in agriculturally important animals, including bovine spongiform encephalopathy in domestic cattle, scrapie in sheep and goats, and chronic wasting disease in cervids. Because animals are largely asymptomatic throughout the course of the disease, early detection of prion disease is important. Hamsters were peripherally (ip) inoculated with hamster-adapted (Sc237) prions. By week 13 of a 14-week disease course, clinical signs appeared. A multiple-reaction-monitoring-based method was used to quantitate the amount of proteinase-K-digested prions (PrP 27-30) and the extent of methionine 213 oxidation present in the brains of infected hamsters. Detectable amounts of PrP 27-30 were present in all animals after 4 weeks. The extent of methionine 213 oxidation decreased over time. When we compared our quantitation results to those from other researchers using bioassay, we observed that consistent detection of PrP 27-30 by mass spectrometry occurs at a time when prions are reliably detected by bioassay.