Department of Rural Health, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Aust J Rural Health. 2021 Feb;29(1):106-116. doi: 10.1111/ajr.12695. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
To identify the modifiable psychological and behavioural coping strategies associated with low levels of psychological distress, independent of more stable personality and demographic factors, in a sample of farmers who reported being exposed to a recent stressful event during an extended drought.
DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and nine South Australian, drought-affected grain, sheep and/or cattle farmers completed printed or online questionnaires. Only those who reported experiencing a stressful event in the past month that they rated ≥7 on a scale ranging from 1 (not stressful at all) to 10 (extremely stressful) were included in the analyses (n = 175, 65.06%). Participants ranged in age from 24 to 85 years and 40% were female.
Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and coping strategies were measured using a situational version of the COPE inventory. Five personality factors (extraversion, neuroticism, openness, conscientiousness and agreeableness) were assessed using the Quickscales-R.
In the final multivariable model, distress was elevated among individuals reporting higher neuroticism and behavioural disengagement, and lower in individuals reporting greater use of acceptance. These 3 variables explained 44% of the variance in distress.
Farmers recently exposed to a significant stressor, who used acceptance as a coping strategy, did not engage in behavioural disengagement and scored low on neuroticism, were least likely to experience distress. Given the stability of personality factors, interventions that foster farmers' use of acceptance and prevent behavioural disengagement as coping strategies might assist them with the management of future stressors, particularly in times of drought.
在一群经历过近期延长干旱期内应激事件的农民样本中，确定与低水平心理困扰相关的可调节心理和行为应对策略，这些策略独立于更稳定的人格和人口统计学因素。
设计/设置/参与者：309 名南澳大利亚州受干旱影响的谷物、绵羊和/或牛农民完成了印刷或在线问卷。只有那些在过去一个月内报告经历过一项压力事件，且该事件在 1（一点也不紧张）到 10（非常紧张）的量表上评分≥7 的人被纳入分析（n=175，65.06%）。参与者年龄在 24 岁至 85 岁之间，其中 40%为女性。
使用 Kessler 心理困扰量表测量心理困扰，使用 COPE 库存的情境版本测量应对策略。使用 Quickscales-R 评估五种人格因素（外向性、神经质、开放性、尽责性和宜人性）。
在最终的多变量模型中，报告神经质水平较高和行为脱离的个体的困扰程度较高，而报告更多使用接受的个体的困扰程度较低。这 3 个变量解释了困扰程度 44%的方差。
最近经历过重大压力源的农民，如果将接受作为应对策略，不采取行为脱离策略，且神经质得分较低，则最不可能感到困扰。鉴于人格因素的稳定性，促进农民使用接受并防止行为脱离作为应对策略的干预措施可能有助于他们应对未来的压力源，特别是在干旱时期。
