Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
Cancer Lett. 2021 Apr 28;504:91-103. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.02.007. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent bone malignancy in children and adolescents. Despite advances of surgery and chemotherapy in osteosarcoma over the past decades, overall survival rates of osteosarcoma have reached a plateau. The development of multi-drug resistance (MDR) has become the main obstacle in improving chemotherapeutic effects in osteosarcoma treatment. Therefore, understanding detailed mechanisms of chemoresistance and developing novel therapeutic targets to overcome chemoresistance are crucial to improve the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Accumulating evidence has proved that multiple noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) play pivotal roles in osteosarcoma progression. Notably, a great number of ncRNAs are abnormally expressed and can regulate chemosensitivity through various mechanisms in osteosarcoma. In this review, we systematically summarize the roles of ncRNAs as well as the molecular mechanisms in modulating drug resistance of osteosarcoma and discuss the potential roles of ncRNAs as biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.
骨肉瘤是儿童和青少年中最常见的骨恶性肿瘤。尽管在过去几十年中，骨肉瘤的手术和化疗取得了进展，但骨肉瘤的总体生存率已经达到了一个平台期。多药耐药（MDR）的发展已成为改善骨肉瘤治疗中化疗效果的主要障碍。因此，了解化疗耐药的详细机制并开发新的治疗靶点以克服化疗耐药性对于改善骨肉瘤患者的预后至关重要。越来越多的证据表明，多种非编码 RNA（ncRNA），包括 microRNAs（miRNAs）、长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）和环状 RNA（circRNA），在骨肉瘤的进展中发挥着关键作用。值得注意的是，大量的 ncRNA 异常表达，并可以通过多种机制调节骨肉瘤的化疗敏感性。在这篇综述中，我们系统地总结了 ncRNA 在调节骨肉瘤耐药性中的作用及其分子机制，并讨论了 ncRNA 作为骨肉瘤生物标志物和新型治疗靶点的潜在作用。
