Former Member of Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
J Environ Manage. 2021 May 1;285:112135. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112135. Epub 2021 Feb 14.
The study was designed to quantify value and the spatial distribution of key ecosystem services such as wood production, habitat for biodiversity, carbon sequestration and air quality regulation in two areas: Ereğli and Yeşilkuşak of Turkey. Wood production was quantified using forest inventory data and yield tables. Carbon storage was estimated based on the above - and below - ground biomass, deadwood and litter and soil. Habitat for species was characterized with a practical method based on the protection categories of stands. Vegetation cover in close proximity to the artificial surfaces and total health care cost avoided by the vegetation were used to quantify air quality regulation. Value transfer method was used in the valuation of ES in both areas. Average amount of wood production is quite low (5.7 m/ha in Ereğli and 6 m/ha in Yeşilkuşak) compared to the overall average (72 m/ha) in Turkey. The amount of carbon is largely low (64-100 tC/ha), indicating poor to medium capacity of the areas. The value of habitat for biodiversity is medium with some crucial habitats and target species. Both areas indicate low air quality regulation capacity. Total economic value of the key ecosystem services was estimated $438,128,571 in 2017 ($127,303,516 for Yeşilkuşak, $310,825,054 for Ereğli). Composition and configuration of ecosystems determine the sustainable provision of ecosystem services. The potential economic value of ecosystems constitutes the basis for trade-off analysis in allocating best land use and utilization strategy. Developing enabling environment, accessing the best use of technologies and adopting best practice example for realizing sustainable forest management initiative is proposed to be the apparent strategy to enhance the role of ecosystem services in livelihood.
本研究旨在量化土耳其 Ereğli 和 Yeşilkuşak 两个地区的关键生态系统服务（如木材生产、生物多样性栖息地、碳固存和空气质量调节）的价值和空间分布。木材生产采用森林清查数据和产量表进行量化。碳储量是根据地上和地下生物量、枯木和凋落物以及土壤来估算的。物种栖息地是根据林分的保护类别采用实用方法来描述的。利用靠近人工表面的植被覆盖和避免的总保健费用来量化空气质量调节。在这两个地区，都采用价值转移法对生态系统服务进行估值。木材生产的平均数量相当低（Ereğli 为 5.7 m/ha，Yeşilkuşak 为 6 m/ha），低于土耳其的总体平均值（72 m/ha）。碳的数量很大程度上很低（64-100 tC/ha），表明这些地区的碳固存能力较差。生物多样性栖息地的价值中等，有一些关键栖息地和目标物种。这两个地区的空气质量调节能力都较低。2017 年，关键生态系统服务的总经济价值估计为 438,128,571 美元（Yeşilkuşak 为 127,303,516 美元，Ereğli 为 310,825,054 美元）。生态系统的组成和结构决定了生态系统可持续地提供生态系统服务的能力。生态系统的潜在经济价值构成了权衡分析的基础，以便在分配最佳土地利用和利用战略时进行权衡。为了增强生态系统服务在生计中的作用，建议制定有利的环境、充分利用技术并采用最佳实践范例来实现可持续森林管理倡议，这是一项明显的战略。
