行为预测因子在大鼠静脉自我给药模型中测量的阿片类药物成瘾易感性个体差异。
Behavioral predictors of individual differences in opioid addiction vulnerability as measured using i.v. self-administration in rats.
机构信息
Departments of Psychology, University of Minnesota, United States; Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, United States.
Departments of Psychology, University of Minnesota, United States.
出版信息
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Apr 1;221:108561. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108561. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
BACKGROUND
Like other forms of psychopathology, vulnerability to opioid addiction is subject to wide individual differences. Animal behavioral models are valuable in advancing our understanding of mechanisms underlying vulnerability to the disorder's development and amenability to treatment.
METHODS
This review provides an overview of preclinical work on behavioral predictors of opioid addiction vulnerability as measured using the intravenous (i.v.) self-administration (SA) model in rats. We also highlight several new approaches to studying individual differences in opioid addiction vulnerability in preclinical models that could have greater sensitivity and lead to more clinically relevant findings.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Evidence for the relationship between various behavioral traits and opioid SA in the preclinical literature is limited. With the possible exceptions of sensitivity to opioid agonist/withdrawal effects and stress reactivity, predictors of individual differences in SA of other drugs of abuse (e.g. sensation-seeking, impulsivity) do not predict vulnerability to opioid SA in rats. Refinement of SA measures and the use of multivariate designs and statistics could help identify predictors of opioid SA and lead to more clinically relevant studies on opioid addiction vulnerability.
背景
与其他形式的精神病理学一样，易患阿片类药物成瘾的倾向存在广泛的个体差异。动物行为模型在推进我们对易患该疾病发展和对治疗反应性的机制的理解方面具有重要价值。
方法
本综述提供了使用大鼠静脉内（i.v.）自我给药（SA）模型测量的阿片类药物成瘾易感性的临床前工作概述。我们还强调了几种研究临床前模型中阿片类药物成瘾易感性个体差异的新方法，这些方法可能具有更高的敏感性并产生更具临床相关性的发现。
结果和结论
临床前文献中各种行为特征与阿片类 SA 之间的关系证据有限。除了对阿片类激动剂/戒断效应和应激反应的敏感性之外，其他药物滥用（如寻求刺激、冲动）的 SA 个体差异的预测因子并不能预测大鼠对阿片类 SA 的易感性。SA 测量的改进以及使用多元设计和统计数据可以帮助确定阿片类 SA 的预测因子，并导致更具临床相关性的阿片类成瘾易感性研究。
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