Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, PO Box 2095, Auckland, 1140, New Zealand.
Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, PO Box 14018, Christchurch, 8544, New Zealand.
BMC Genom Data. 2021 Feb 15;22(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12863-021-00961-8.
In the past decade, the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) has caused extensive damage to global agriculture. As a high-risk pest for many countries, including New Zealand, it is important to explore its genetic diversity to enhance our knowledge and devise management strategies for BMSB populations. In this study, two mitochondrial genes, Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and Cytochrome c oxidase II (COII) were used to explore the genetic diversity among 463 BMSB individuals collected from 12 countries.
In total, 51 COI and 29 COII haplotypes of BMSB were found, which formed 59 combined haplotypes (5 reported and 54 novel). Of these, H1h1 was the predominant haplotype. The haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π) were high while the neutrality (Fu's Fs) values were negative for the BMSB populations in the native countries, China, and Japan. For the BMSB populations from the invaded countries, the Fu's Fs values were negative for populations from Chile, Georgia, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Turkey, and USA, indicating that those populations are under demographic expansion. In comparison, the Fu's Fs values were positive for the populations from Austria, Serbia, and Slovenia, revealing a potential population bottleneck. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) suggested that significant genetic difference exists among the BMSB populations from China, Japan, and the invasive countries.
This study revealed that the haplotype diversity of the BMSB populations was high in those two studied countries where BMSB is native to (China and Japan) but low in those countries which have been invaded by the species. The analysis indicated that multiple invasions of BMSB occurred in Europe and the USA. The study also revealed three ancestral lines and most of the novel haplotypes were evolved from them. Moreover, we observed two genetic clusters in the invasive populations that are formed during different invasion events. Our study provided a comprehensive overview on the global haplotypes distribution thus expanding the existing knowledge on BMSB genetic diversity that potentially could play an important role in formulating feasible pest management strategies.
在过去的十年中，褐纹东方蝽（BMSB），Halyomorpha halys（半翅目：Pentatomidae）对全球农业造成了广泛的破坏。作为包括新西兰在内的许多国家的高风险害虫，探索其遗传多样性对于增强我们对 BMSB 种群的认识和制定管理策略非常重要。在这项研究中，使用了两个线粒体基因，细胞色素 c 氧化酶 I（COI）和细胞色素 c 氧化酶 II（COII）来探索来自 12 个国家的 463 只 BMSB 个体的遗传多样性。
共发现 BMSB 的 51 个 COI 和 29 个 COII 单倍型，形成了 59 个组合单倍型（5 个已报道和 44 个新的）。其中，H1h1 是主要的单倍型。在原生国家、中国和日本的 BMSB 种群中，单倍型多样性（Hd）和核苷酸多样性（π）较高，而中性（Fu's Fs）值为负。对于来自入侵国家的 BMSB 种群，来自智利、格鲁吉亚、匈牙利、意大利、罗马尼亚、土耳其和美国的种群的 Fu's Fs 值为负，表明这些种群处于人口扩张状态。相比之下，来自奥地利、塞尔维亚和斯洛文尼亚的种群的 Fu's Fs 值为正，表明存在潜在的种群瓶颈。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，来自中国、日本和入侵国家的 BMSB 种群之间存在显著的遗传差异。
本研究表明，BMSB 种群在两个研究国家（中国和日本）的遗传多样性较高，而在该物种入侵的国家则较低。分析表明，BMSB 发生了多次入侵事件，涉及欧洲和美国。研究还揭示了三个祖先谱系，大多数新单倍型都是从它们进化而来的。此外，我们在入侵种群中观察到两个遗传聚类，它们是在不同的入侵事件中形成的。本研究提供了全球单倍型分布的全面概述，从而扩展了对 BMSB 遗传多样性的现有认识，这可能对制定可行的害虫管理策略发挥重要作用。
