Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan.
Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan.
Nat Chem. 2021 Mar;13(3):226-230. doi: 10.1038/s41557-020-00634-6. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
All superheavy elements (SHEs), with atomic numbers (Z) ≥104, have been artificially synthesized one atom at a time and their chemical properties are largely unknown. Because these heavy nuclei have short lifetimes as well as extremely low production rates, chemical experiments need to be carried out on single atoms and have mostly been limited to adsorption and extraction. We have now investigated the precipitation properties of the SHE Rf (Z = 104). A co-precipitation method with samarium hydroxide had previously established that the co-precipitation behaviour of a range of elements reflected these elements' tendency to form hydroxide precipitates and/or ammine complex ions. Here we investigated co-precipitation of Rf in basic solutions containing NH or NaOH. Comparisons between the behaviour of Rf with that of Zr and Hf (lighter homologues of Rf) and actinide Th (a pseudo-homologue of Rf) showed that Rf does not coordinate strongly with NH, but forms a hydroxide (co)precipitate that is expected to be Rf(OH).
所有原子序数（Z）≥104 的超重元素（SHE）都是逐个合成的，其化学性质在很大程度上是未知的。由于这些重核的寿命短，且产量极低，因此化学实验需要在单个原子上进行，而且主要限于吸附和提取。我们现在已经研究了 SHE 铼（Z=104）的沉淀性质。以前使用钐氢氧化物的共沉淀方法已经确定，一系列元素的共沉淀行为反映了这些元素形成氢氧化物沉淀和/或氨络合离子的趋势。在这里，我们研究了碱性溶液中含 NH 或 NaOH 的 Rf 的共沉淀。Rf 与 Zr 和 Hf（Rf 的较轻同系物）以及锕系元素 Th（Rf 的准同系物）的行为进行比较表明，Rf 与 NH 配位不强，但形成预期为 Rf(OH) 的氢氧化物（共）沉淀物。
