Faculty of Health Sciences at Manresa, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain.
School of Nursing, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Jul;77(7):2995-3007. doi: 10.1111/jan.14789. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
To explore nurses' experiences of suicide care and to identify and synthesize the most suitable interventions for the care of people with suicidal behaviour from a nursing perspective.
Qualitative meta-synthesis.
Comprehensive search of five electronic databases for qualitative studies published between January 2015 and June 2019.
The PRISMA statement was used for reporting the different phases of the literature search and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) qualitative research checklist was used as an appraisal framework. Data synthesis was conducted using Sandelowski and Barroso's method.
Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria. The data analysis revealed 13 subcategories from which four main categories emerged: 'Understanding suicidal behaviour as a consequence of suffering', 'Nurses' personal distress in suicide care', 'The presence of the nurse as the axis of suicide care' and, 'Improving nurses' relational competences for a better therapeutic environment'.
Further training of nurses on the therapeutic relationship, particularly in non-mental health care work settings, and monitoring of the emotional impact on nurses in relation to suicide is required to promote more effective prevention and care.
This review provides new insights on how suicide is interpreted, the associated emotions, the way suicide is approached and proposals for improving clinical practice from the point of view of nurses. The results demonstrate that the nurse-patient relationship, ongoing assessment, and the promotion of a sense of security and hope are critical in nursing care for patients who exhibit suicidal behaviour. Consequently, to promote an effective nursing care of suicide, nurses should be provided with further training on the therapeutic relationship. Thus, health institutions do not only provide the time and space to conduct an adequate therapeutic relationship, but also, through their managers, they should supervise and address the emotional impact that is generated in nurses caring for patients who exhibit suicidal behaviour.
探索护士在自杀护理方面的经验，并从护理角度确定和综合最适合护理有自杀行为的人的干预措施。
定性元综合。
2015 年 1 月至 2019 年 6 月期间，对五个电子数据库进行了全面搜索，以查找定性研究。
使用 PRISMA 声明报告文献检索的不同阶段，并使用批判性评估技能计划（CASP）定性研究检查表作为评估框架。使用 Sandelowski 和 Barroso 的方法进行数据分析。
17 篇文章符合纳入标准。数据分析显示 13 个子类别，从中出现了四个主要类别：“将自杀行为理解为痛苦的后果”、“护士在自杀护理中的个人困扰”、“护士的存在作为自杀护理的轴心”和“提高护士的关系能力以创造更好的治疗环境”。
需要进一步培训护士关于治疗关系的知识，特别是在非精神卫生保健工作环境中，并监测与自杀相关的护士的情绪影响，以促进更有效的预防和护理。
本综述从护士的角度提供了关于自杀如何解释、相关情绪、处理自杀的方式以及改善临床实践的建议的新见解。结果表明，护士与患者的关系、持续评估以及促进安全感和希望感在对有自杀行为的患者进行护理方面至关重要。因此，为了促进有效的护理自杀，应向护士提供有关治疗关系的进一步培训。因此，卫生机构不仅要提供时间和空间来进行适当的治疗关系，而且还要通过其管理人员来监督和解决在照顾有自杀行为的患者时产生的情绪影响。
