Fernández-Vilas Enrique, Coca Juan R, Labora González Juan José, Iglesias Carrera Marcos
Department of Sociology and Social Work, University of Valladolid, José Tudela 12D, 42004 Soria, Spain.
Department of Political Science and Sociology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Ángel Jorge Echeverri, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 May 1;15(5):606. doi: 10.3390/bs15050606.
The phenomenon of suicide has become a significant global concern, claiming over 800,000 lives annually and resulting in millions of suicide attempts worldwide. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, these troubling statistics have worsened, with notable increases in suicidal behavior, especially among vulnerable populations such as the youth, the elderly, and those in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. This paper aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide rates in Spain, using a theoretical ex post facto analysis. Spain has witnessed an alarming rise in suicide rates, particularly among young people, and a disturbing trend of increased suicidal ideation and self-harm behaviors. While some studies report no significant change in suicide rates during the pandemic, others point to the exacerbating effects of social isolation, economic instability, and public health measures. This study provides an in-depth examination of the psychosocial consequences of the pandemic on mental health in Spain, emphasizing the urgency of the need to address pre-existing inequalities and implement effective suicide prevention measures. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of gender-sensitive strategies and the need for systemic reforms to ensure better mental healthcare access for all segments of society. To achieve this goal, this paper uses a narrative literature review combined with a theoretical ex post facto analysis to assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide patterns in Spain.
自杀现象已成为全球重大关切问题，每年导致80多万人死亡，全球范围内还有数百万起自杀未遂事件。在新冠疫情之后，这些令人不安的统计数据更加恶化，自杀行为显著增加，尤其是在青年、老年人以及社会经济弱势群体等脆弱人群中。本文旨在通过理论事后分析，探讨新冠疫情对西班牙自杀率的影响。西班牙的自杀率急剧上升，尤其是在年轻人当中，自杀意念和自我伤害行为呈令人不安的上升趋势。虽然一些研究报告称疫情期间自杀率没有显著变化，但另一些研究指出社会隔离、经济不稳定和公共卫生措施产生了加剧影响。本研究深入考察了疫情对西班牙心理健康的社会心理后果，强调解决现有不平等问题和实施有效自杀预防措施的紧迫性。此外，它突出了性别敏感策略的重要性以及进行系统性改革以确保社会各阶层都能更好地获得心理医疗服务的必要性。为实现这一目标，本文采用叙述性文献综述结合理论事后分析的方法，评估新冠疫情对西班牙自杀模式的影响。
