Gynecology Unit, CHU Rennes, 16 Bd de Bulgarie, BP 90 347, 35203, RENNES Cedex 2, France.
Clinical Pharmacology Unit, CHU Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, BP 35 033, RENNES Cedex 9, France.
J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2021 May;50(5):102091. doi: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102091. Epub 2021 Feb 13.
Mucosal melanomas (MM) of the female genital tract are rare a. We aimed to study the prognostic factors of vulvar and vaginal locations of MM.
A multicenter, retrospective cohort study conducted between 01/01/2000 and 01/06/2019.
Of the 33 patients included 25 (75.8 %) had vulvar (VuM) and eight (24.2 %) vaginal melanomas (VaM). VaMs were deeper: median Breslow index: 17.5mm [3.5-22] versus 4.3mm [0.35-18] (p=0.013). Average follow-up was 24.0±59.8 months. Twenty-six patients (78.8 %) experienced recurrence. Disease-free survival was 52.9 % at 1year (64.7 % for VuM and 14.3 % for VaM) and 8.4 % at 3 years (11 % for VuM and 0% for VaM) (p=0.002). Median time to the first recurrence was 9.01 months [CI95 %: 2.07-56.71]. VaM recurred earlier than VuM (3.12 months [CI95 %: 2.07-12.49] versus 17.72 [CI95 %: 3.58-56.71], p=0.011). VaM had a higher risk of recurrence (HR=5.64 [CI95 %: 2.01-15.82], p=0.001) in multivariate analysis. Overall survival was 88.5 % at 1year (100 % for VuM and 50 % for VaM), and 59.4 % at 3 years (69.3 % for VuM and 25 % for VaM). Women with VaM died earlier: median specific death occurrence of 8.76 months [CI95 %: 6.54-24.72] versus 39.61 [CI95 %: 21.89-209.21], p=0.013 (HR=5.08 [CI95 %: 1.39-18.60], p=0.014). A lesion size ≥3cm was associated with an increased risk of mortality (HR=8.45 [CI95 %: 1.60-44.52], p=0.012). In multivariate analysis, vaginal location remained an independent and predictive variable of a higher risk of specific death (HR=8.56 [CI95 %: 1.95-37.64], p=0.005).
A vaginal location of MM is associated with a poorer prognosis than a vulvar location.
女性生殖道黏膜黑色素瘤(MM)较为罕见。本研究旨在探讨外阴和阴道 MM 患者的预后因素。
本研究为多中心回顾性队列研究,时间跨度为 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 1 月 6 日。
33 例患者中,25 例(75.8%)为外阴黑色素瘤(VuM),8 例(24.2%)为阴道黑色素瘤(VaM)。VaM 更深:Breslow 指数中位数为 17.5mm[3.5-22],而 VuM 为 4.3mm[0.35-18](p=0.013)。平均随访时间为 24.0±59.8 个月。26 例(78.8%)患者出现复发。1 年时无病生存率为 52.9%(VuM 为 64.7%,VaM 为 14.3%),3 年时为 8.4%(VuM 为 11%,VaM 为 0%)(p=0.002)。首次复发的中位时间为 9.01 个月[95%CI:2.07-56.71]。VaM 比 VuM 更早复发(3.12 个月[95%CI:2.07-12.49]vs 17.72 个月[95%CI:3.58-56.71],p=0.011)。多因素分析显示,VaM 复发风险更高(HR=5.64[95%CI:2.01-15.82],p=0.001)。1 年时总生存率为 88.5%(VuM 为 100%,VaM 为 50%),3 年时为 59.4%(VuM 为 69.3%,VaM 为 25%)。VaM 患者更早死亡:特定死亡时间的中位值为 8.76 个月[95%CI:6.54-24.72],而 VuM 为 39.61 个月[95%CI:21.89-209.21](p=0.013)(HR=5.08[95%CI:1.39-18.60],p=0.014)。病变大小≥3cm 与死亡率增加相关(HR=8.45[95%CI:1.60-44.52],p=0.012)。多因素分析显示,阴道位置仍是特异性死亡风险增加的独立预测因素(HR=8.56[95%CI:1.95-37.64],p=0.005)。
阴道 MM 与外阴 MM 相比,预后更差。