Ozakbas Serkan, Yigit Pinar, Akyuz Zeynep, Sagici Ozge, Abasiyanik Zuhal, Ozdogar Asiye Tuba, Kahraman Turhan, Bozan Hemdem Rodi, Hosgel Ilknur
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 May;50:102817. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102817. Epub 2021 Feb 7.
Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability to counteract brain damage through differential recruitment of brain networks. Besides, it has also been observed that lifetime intellectual enriching skills reduce the effect of disease burden on cognitive status. The Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq), which is a method for the quantitative measurement and comprehensive evaluation of the CR, that individuals have accumulated throughout their lifetimes. The present study aimed to adapt CRIq to the Turkish population.
CRIq is a 20-item questionnaire consisting of 3 sub-scales (CRI-Education, CRI- Working Activity, CRI-Leisure Time). 271 females and 228 males, a total of 499 healthy volunteers participated in the study (mean age: 39.54±14.05, mean education years 13.14±4.84). Participants were evaluated with the "Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS)" and CRIq was applied. BICAMS was used to determine the validity of the CRIq. To determine the reliability, the questionnaire was applied again two weeks after the first application. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were measured for reliability analysis. Independent sample t-test was conducted to observe the difference between genders.
The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.78, and the reliability of the questionnaire was acceptable. The findings showed that inter-rater reliability was quite high (ICC:0.95, 95% CI=1.000, n=36). The correlation between the first and second application of the questionnaire was found to be acceptable for both the sub-scales and the whole questionnaire. The highest CRIq scores were shown for young adults in CRI-Education and CRI-LeisureTime, for the middle-aged in CRIq-WorkingActivity, no significant differences in total CRIq scores. The males scored significantly higher in CRIq total scores than females, but there was not a significant difference in CRI-LeisureTime between genders.
The Turkish version of CRIq was found to be a valid and reliable method for evaluating cognitive reserve in healthy individuals.
认知储备（CR）是指通过不同的脑网络募集来对抗脑损伤的能力。此外，还观察到终身的智力提升技能可减轻疾病负担对认知状态的影响。认知储备指数问卷（CRIq）是一种用于定量测量和综合评估个体一生中积累的认知储备的方法。本研究旨在使CRIq适用于土耳其人群。
CRIq是一份包含20个条目的问卷，由3个分量表组成（CRI-教育、CRI-工作活动、CRI-休闲时间）。共有499名健康志愿者参与了本研究，其中271名女性和228名男性（平均年龄：39.54±14.05岁，平均受教育年限13.14±4.84年）。参与者接受了“多发性硬化症简易国际认知评估（BICAMS）”评估，并应用了CRIq。BICAMS用于确定CRIq的有效性。为了确定信度，在首次应用问卷两周后再次应用该问卷。进行内部一致性和重测信度测量以进行信度分析。进行独立样本t检验以观察性别差异。
问卷的Cronbach's alpha系数为0.78，问卷的信度可以接受。结果表明，评分者间信度相当高（ICC：0.95，95%CI = 1.000，n = 36）。问卷首次和第二次应用之间的相关性在分量表和整个问卷中均被认为是可接受的。在CRI-教育和CRI-休闲时间分量表中，年轻人的CRIq得分最高，在CRIq-工作活动分量表中，中年人得分最高，CRIq总分无显著差异。男性的CRIq总分显著高于女性，但在CRI-休闲时间分量表中，性别之间没有显著差异。
CRIq的土耳其语版本被发现是评估健康个体认知储备的一种有效且可靠的方法。
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