Dönmez Gürhan, Özkan Ömer, Menderes Yiğitcan, Torgutalp Şerife Şeyma, Karaçoban Levend, Denerel Nevzad, Kudaş Savaş
Department of Sports Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Team Physician, Gençlerbirliği Sports Club, Ankara, Turkey.
Phys Sportsmed. 2022 Apr;50(2):157-163. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2021.1888630. Epub 2021 Feb 21.
The coronavirus outbreak caused significant changes in football around the world, such as the suspension of leagues and home isolation of players, etc. The main purpose of the present study was to assess the psychological impacts of lockdown and similar restrictions on professional football players during the coronavirus pandemic.
The players from 36 professional football teams (n = 977) among Turkish Super League and First League teams were invited to complete a questionnaire including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Impact of Event Scale-Revised Scores (IES-R) and short form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).
The online survey was completed by 237 players (24.3%). The mean number of self-quarantine day of participants was 26.9 ± 6.2 days. The median CES-D Scale and IES-R scores were 6.0 (min:0, max:42) and 23.0 (min:0, max:59), respectively. IPAQ scores of the players showed that four-fifths of the players still maintain high physical activity levels. There were negative, very weak and significant correlations between CES-D score and being married (r = -0.146, p = 0.024), as well as between CES-D score and IPAQ-Walking (r = -0.189, p = 0.004). A significant positive very weak correlation was observed between CES-D score and self-quarantine days (r = 0.148, p = 0.024). IPAQ-Walking was an independent predictor of CES-D.
These findings support that maintaining regular physical activity and routinely exercising in a safe home environment is one of the most important strategies to ensure healthy mental state.
冠状病毒疫情在全球范围内给足球运动带来了重大变化，比如联赛停摆、球员居家隔离等。本研究的主要目的是评估新冠疫情期间封锁及类似限制措施对职业足球运动员的心理影响。
邀请土耳其超级联赛和甲级联赛中36支职业足球队的球员（n = 977）填写一份问卷，问卷包括流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）、事件影响量表修订版得分（IES-R）以及国际体力活动问卷简表（IPAQ）。
237名球员（24.3%）完成了在线调查。参与者自我隔离的平均天数为26.9±6.2天。CES-D量表和IES-R得分的中位数分别为6.0（最小值：0，最大值：42）和23.0（最小值：0，最大值：59）。球员的IPAQ得分显示，五分之四的球员仍保持较高的体力活动水平。CES-D得分与婚姻状况之间存在负向、非常微弱但显著的相关性（r = -0.146，p = 0.024），CES-D得分与IPAQ步行得分之间也存在这种相关性（r = -0.189，p = 0.004）。CES-D得分与自我隔离天数之间存在显著的正向、非常微弱的相关性（r = 0.148，p = 0.024）。IPAQ步行得分是CES-D的独立预测因素。
这些研究结果支持，在安全的居家环境中保持规律的体力活动和日常锻炼是确保心理健康的最重要策略之一。
