Department of Theory and Methodology of Team Sport Games, Poznań University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland.
Warta Poznan, 61-553 Poznan, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 8;18(12):6195. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18126195.
Motor abilities, such as endurance and the optimal level of physical activity, play a fundamental role in football as they are necessary to maintain the high effectiveness of the training process. The aim of this study was the observation of the trend of changes in the level of cardiorespiratory endurance of young football players in a one-year cycle overlapping with the COVID-19 lockdown and an assessment of the impact of the training intervention during home confinement. The participants of the study were 24 young football players. We analysed the results of the study in a one-year training cycle (lockdown from 11 March 2020 to 6 May 2020). The cardiorespiratory endurance was measured using the Multistage 20 m Shuttle Run test-Beep Test. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used in the study. Detailed comparisons were made using Tukey's HSD test. Statistically significant differences were noted in endurance in a one year cycle: F(5.115) = 22.65; < 0.001; partial Eta-squared = 0.50. An increase in the level of endurance by mean = 179.17 m, SD ± 189.87 m was noted between T1 and T6. After the break caused by the COVID-19 restrictions, a decrease in the level of cardiorespiratory endurance was noted. Only after two training mesocycles was a significant increase in the mean value noted compared to the period before the pandemic ( < 0.05). With the negative impact of restrictions in mind, coaches and physiotherapists should exercise caution when planning training, taking into consideration the level of physical activity during the pandemic.
运动能力，如耐力和最佳的身体活动水平，在足球中起着至关重要的作用，因为它们是保持训练过程高效的必要条件。本研究的目的是观察在与 COVID-19 封锁重叠的一年周期中，年轻足球运动员的心肺耐力水平变化趋势，并评估居家隔离期间训练干预的影响。研究参与者为 24 名年轻足球运动员。我们分析了为期一年的训练周期（2020 年 3 月 11 日至 5 月 6 日封锁）的研究结果。心肺耐力使用多阶段 20 米穿梭跑测试-哔哔声测试进行测量。研究中使用了重复测量方差分析。使用 Tukey 的 HSD 检验进行详细比较。在一年的周期中，耐力方面的差异具有统计学意义：F(5.115) = 22.65；<0.001；部分 eta 平方 = 0.50。在 T1 和 T6 之间，耐力水平的平均增加量为 179.17 m，SD ± 189.87 m。在 COVID-19 限制造成的休息之后，注意到心肺耐力水平下降。只有在两个训练中期后，与大流行前的平均值相比，才注意到显著增加（<0.05）。考虑到限制的负面影响，教练和物理治疗师在计划训练时应谨慎行事，考虑到大流行期间的身体活动水平。
