School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Mar 3;69(8):2367-2381. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00350. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
Terpenoids are an important class of secondary metabolites that play an important role in food, agriculture, and other fields. Microorganisms are rapidly emerging as a promising source for the production of terpenoids. As an oleaginous yeast, contains a high lipid content which indicates that it must produce high amounts of acetyl-CoA, a necessary precursor for the biosynthesis of terpenoids. has a complete eukaryotic mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway but it has not yet seen commercial use due to its low productivity. Several metabolic engineering strategies have been developed to improve the terpenoids production of , including developing the orthogonal pathway for terpenoid synthesis, increasing the catalytic efficiency of terpenoids synthases, enhancing the supply of acetyl-CoA and NADPH, expressing rate-limiting genes, and modifying the branched pathway. Moreover, most of the acetyl-CoA is used to produce lipid, so it is an effective strategy to strike a balance of precursor distribution by rewiring the lipid biosynthesis pathway. Lastly, the latest developed non-homologous end-joining strategy for improving terpenoid production is introduced. This review summarizes the status and metabolic engineering strategies of terpenoids biosynthesis in and proposes new insights to move the field forward.
萜类化合物是一类重要的次生代谢产物，在食品、农业和其他领域发挥着重要作用。微生物作为萜类化合物生产的一种有前途的来源，正在迅速崛起。作为一种油脂酵母，含有较高的脂质含量，这表明它必须产生大量的乙酰辅酶 A，这是萜类化合物生物合成的必要前体。具有完整的真核甲羟戊酸（MVA）途径，但由于其产量低，尚未得到商业应用。已经开发了几种代谢工程策略来提高的萜类化合物的生产能力，包括开发萜类化合物合成的正交途径、提高萜类化合物合成酶的催化效率、增强乙酰辅酶 A 和 NADPH 的供应、表达限速基因以及修饰支链途径。此外，由于大部分乙酰辅酶 A 用于合成脂质，因此通过重新布线脂质生物合成途径来平衡前体分配是一种有效的策略。最后，还介绍了最新开发的用于提高萜类化合物生产的非同源末端连接策略。本文综述了在萜类化合物生物合成方面的研究现状和代谢工程策略，并提出了推动该领域发展的新见解。
