Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 1;11:619872. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.619872. eCollection 2020.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are primary risk factors for a wide spectrum of liver diseases that severely affect human health. The liver is an immunological organ that has an abundance of immune cells. Thus, various innate or adaptive immune cells are involved in the progression of HBV or HCV infection. Among those cells, a unique kind of immune cell, the γδ T cell, contributes to promoting or inhibiting the progression of liver diseases. To reveal the diverse roles of γδ T cells in HBV or HCV infection, the properties and functions of these cells in human and mouse models are analyzed. Here, we briefly describe the characteristics and functions of γδ T cells subsets in liver diseases. Then, we fully discuss the diverse roles of γδ T cells in the progression of HBV or HCV infection, including stages of acute infection, chronic infection, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, the functions and existing problems of γδ T cells in HBV or HCV infection are summarized. A better understanding of the function of γδ T cells during the progression of HBV and HCV infection will be helpful for the treatment of virus infection.
乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 和丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染是广泛的肝脏疾病的主要危险因素，这些疾病严重影响人类健康。肝脏是一个免疫器官，拥有丰富的免疫细胞。因此，各种先天或适应性免疫细胞都参与了 HBV 或 HCV 感染的进展。在这些细胞中，一种独特的免疫细胞，γδ T 细胞，有助于促进或抑制肝脏疾病的进展。为了揭示 γδ T 细胞在 HBV 或 HCV 感染中的多种作用，分析了这些细胞在人类和小鼠模型中的特性和功能。在这里，我们简要描述了 γδ T 细胞亚群在肝脏疾病中的特征和功能。然后，我们全面讨论了 γδ T 细胞在 HBV 或 HCV 感染进展中的多种作用，包括急性感染、慢性感染、肝硬化和肝细胞癌等阶段。最后，总结了 γδ T 细胞在 HBV 或 HCV 感染中的功能和存在的问题。更好地了解 γδ T 细胞在 HBV 和 HCV 感染进展过程中的功能，将有助于病毒感染的治疗。
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