Manigold Tobias, Racanelli Vito
Institute of Science, Medical School, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2007 Dec;7(12):804-13. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70289-X.
In the past few years, we have witnessed extraordinary advances in the understanding of the functions of regulatory T (Treg) cells in immunity against pathogens. However, controversy exists over the part that these cells play in determining the outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, the two main causes of chronic liver inflammation worldwide. Treg-cell responses may be either beneficial or detrimental to those infected with HBV and HCV, by either limiting liver immunopathology or suppressing protective T-cell responses. We review the latest research on CD4 Treg cells, dissect much of the Treg-related HBV and HCV literature, and discuss how new insights in Treg immunobiology apply to human and primate models of HBV and HCV infections. Moreover, we discuss the limitations of the conclusions drawn from current studies on Treg cells, and suggest experimental approaches that can resolve current conflicts and improve our understanding of the roles of Treg-cell subsets in HBV and HCV infections.
在过去几年中，我们见证了在理解调节性T（Treg）细胞在抗病原体免疫中的功能方面取得的非凡进展。然而，对于这些细胞在决定全球慢性肝脏炎症的两个主要原因——乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的结果中所起的作用，仍存在争议。Treg细胞反应对HBV和HCV感染者可能有益，也可能有害，这取决于其是限制肝脏免疫病理还是抑制保护性T细胞反应。我们回顾了关于CD4 Treg细胞的最新研究，剖析了许多与Treg相关的HBV和HCV文献，并讨论了Treg免疫生物学的新见解如何应用于HBV和HCV感染的人类和灵长类动物模型。此外，我们讨论了当前关于Treg细胞研究得出的结论的局限性，并提出了能够解决当前冲突并增进我们对Treg细胞亚群在HBV和HCV感染中作用理解的实验方法。
