Beňová K, Hancková M, Koči K, Kúdelová M, Betáková T
Acta Virol. 2020;64(2):131-143. doi: 10.4149/av_2020_203.
The development of CD4+ T helper cells is determined by the set of transcription factors and the genes these transcription factors transcribe. In this review, we describe the basic nature of Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, T-follicular helper (Tfh), gamma delta (γδ) T cells, and T-regulatory (Treg) cells subsets, their master regulator transcription factors and their corresponding signature cytokine production profiles. Cellular immunity plays important role during virus infection. Optimal immune response to viral infections require a gentle balance of effector responses to clear the infected cells and regulatory mechanism to prevent immunopathology. The behavior of the helper cells differs with each virus - while in some cases, the response is beneficial; in other cases, it is harmful. We discuss the protective and pathological role of T cell immunity against influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Keywords: T cell; cytokine; influenza virus; respiratory syncytial virus; hepatitis B virus; human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
CD4+辅助性T细胞的发育由一组转录因子以及这些转录因子所转录的基因决定。在本综述中，我们描述了Th1、Th2、Th9、Th17、滤泡辅助性T（Tfh）细胞、γδT细胞和调节性T（Treg）细胞亚群的基本特性、它们的主要调节转录因子以及相应的标志性细胞因子产生谱。细胞免疫在病毒感染过程中发挥着重要作用。对病毒感染的最佳免疫反应需要在清除感染细胞的效应反应和预防免疫病理的调节机制之间保持适度平衡。辅助性细胞的行为因病毒而异——在某些情况下，反应是有益的；在其他情况下，则是有害的。我们讨论了T细胞免疫对甲型流感病毒（IAV）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、1型免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的保护和病理作用。关键词：T细胞；细胞因子；流感病毒；呼吸道合胞病毒；乙型肝炎病毒；1型人类免疫缺陷病毒
