de-Assis Mariana Portela, Barcella Raquel Cristine, Padilha Janaína Chiogna, Pohl Hildegard Hedwig, Krug Suzane Beatriz Frantz
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2021 Feb 11;18(3):352-363. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-532.
Agricultural workers are susceptible to several health problems as a result of occupational exposure to toxic substances, especially pesticides. The aim of this review was to describe the health issues associated with occupational exposure to pesticides in agricultural workers. A descriptive study, in the form of an integrative literature review, was conducted based on articles retrieved from the LILACS, SciELO and PubMed databases, published between January 2015 and October 2018. The searches were conducted using the keywords "pesticides," "workers' health," "occupational exposure" and "agricultural workers." The study was guided by the following research question: what health problems do agricultural workers experience as a result of occupational exposure to pesticides? The screening process led to the selection of 35 studies performed in several countries and continents, all of which shed light on the vulnerability of agricultural workers, especially due to the misuse of personal protective equipment and lack of knowledge about the correct use of these devices. The studies investigated a variety of health issues, and most reported a positive association between these conditions, which include cancer, and the use of pesticides. Educational and preventive measures must be implemented to promote the health of rural workers. Furthermore, it is crucial that governments play an active role in these initiatives and provide alternatives to pesticides for pest control.
由于职业性接触有毒物质，尤其是农药，农业工人易患多种健康问题。本综述的目的是描述与农业工人职业性接触农药相关的健康问题。基于从LILACS、SciELO和PubMed数据库检索到的2015年1月至2018年10月发表的文章，以综合文献综述的形式进行了一项描述性研究。搜索使用了关键词“农药”、“工人健康”、“职业接触”和“农业工人”。该研究以以下研究问题为导向：农业工人因职业性接触农药会出现哪些健康问题？筛选过程导致选择了在几个国家和大洲进行的35项研究，所有这些研究都揭示了农业工人的脆弱性，尤其是由于个人防护设备的误用以及对这些设备正确使用的知识缺乏。这些研究调查了各种健康问题，大多数报告了这些状况（包括癌症）与农药使用之间的正相关关系。必须实施教育和预防措施以促进农村工人的健康。此外，政府在这些举措中发挥积极作用并提供替代农药的害虫控制方法至关重要。
