UPVD, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, F-66860, Perpignan, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, F-66860, Perpignan, France.
UPVD, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, F-66860, Perpignan, France; CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, F-66860, Perpignan, France.
J Environ Manage. 2021 May 1;285:112089. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112089. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Marine Recreational Fishing (MRF) is growing worldwide in scientific interest, as evidenced by the increasing number of dedicated publications. Studies on the impacts and benefits to socio-ecosystems and mental health are driving this gradual awareness. In the Mediterranean, MRF is currently responsible for 10% of the catches though, in the context of small-scale fisheries decline, it may become dominant. Sustaining this activity represents a universal challenge for the future of mankind. However, the potential influence of anglers' heterogeneity on both the environment and the Catch Per Unit of Effort (CPUE), used internationally to evaluate fish harvest and as a stocks indicator, hinders MRF management. In addition, little data is available on onshore fishing, while the number of practitioners may increase sharply in the context of a socio-economic crisis, especially in marine protected areas (MPA). We conducted a year-round survey in 2017-2018 in a French Mediterranean MPA subject to tourist flows, during which 144 onshore anglers were polled by semi-directive interviews. We used a typology based on technical and socio-economic data of anglers to describe their behaviour diversity and its influence on CPUE and, more broadly, the marine environment in multi-species fisheries. We characterised four onshore angler profiles, segregated in space and time, including one identified as at risk of causing impacts. Our analyses support using total and per species CPUE independently of profiles to evaluate onshore MRF harvest, except for four species. CPUE seem based on the profiles' skills and self-regulation which induce similar yields between anglers in the absence of control. This demonstrates the importance of taking into account angler behaviour, as each profile could react differently to management actions and highlights that CPUE could be used to detect the effect of changes in regulation in the framework of adaptive management. Our results support that MRF regulations should be simplified and homogenised at the national level and cooperation with fishing shops in MPA co-management should be promoted.
海洋休闲渔业（MRF）在全球范围内的科学兴趣日益浓厚，这一点可以从专门出版物的数量不断增加中得到证明。对社会-生态系统和心理健康的影响和效益的研究推动了这种逐渐的认识。在地中海，MRF 目前占捕捞量的 10%，尽管在小规模渔业减少的情况下，它可能会占据主导地位。维持这项活动是人类未来的普遍挑战。然而，钓鱼者的异质性对环境和单位捕捞努力量渔获量（CPUE）的潜在影响，国际上用 CPUE 来评估鱼类捕捞量，并作为渔业资源指标，阻碍了 MRF 的管理。此外，关于陆上捕鱼的数据很少，而在社会经济危机的情况下，特别是在海洋保护区（MPA），从业者的数量可能会急剧增加。我们在 2017 年至 2018 年期间，在一个受游客流量影响的法国地中海 MPA 进行了一项全年调查，在此期间，通过半直接访谈对 144 名陆上钓鱼者进行了调查。我们使用了一种基于钓鱼者技术和社会经济数据的分类法，来描述他们行为的多样性及其对 CPUE 的影响，更广泛地说，对多物种渔业中的海洋环境的影响。我们描述了四个陆上钓鱼者的特征，他们在空间和时间上是分开的，其中一个被认为有造成影响的风险。我们的分析支持使用总 CPUE 和按物种 CPUE 来评估陆上 MRF 捕捞，而不考虑特征，除了四个物种。CPUE 似乎取决于特征的技能和自我调节，在没有控制的情况下，这会导致钓鱼者之间的产量相似。这证明了考虑钓鱼者行为的重要性，因为每个特征在管理行动下可能会有不同的反应，并强调 CPUE 可用于检测框架内监管变化的影响适应性管理。我们的结果支持 MRF 法规应在国家一级简化和统一，应促进与 MPA 合作管理中的钓鱼商店合作。
