Kerlan J T, Blumenthal D C, Gilsdorf J T, Greenspon J M
Department of Biology, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1988 Mar;69(3):448-54. doi: 10.1016/0016-6480(88)90037-8.
Two experiments were conducted to further examine the interaction of social stimuli and photoperiod on cloacal and gonadal responses in male Japanese quail. In experiment 1, adult males kept on a maximal (15L:9D) stimulatory photoperiod were surgically deafened and/or visually isolated from roommates. After 6 weeks, there were no differences in cloacal gland or testes size among visually isolated birds, deafened birds, visually isolated and deafened birds, and control birds. It would appear that neither auditory nor visual contact with other males is necessary to maintain reproductive activity under a maximal stimulatory photoperiod. In Experiment 2, 5-week-old males were surgically deafened and kept on either a maximal (15L:9D) or minimal (12L:12D) stimulatory photoperiod for about 10 weeks. The rates of cloacal gland growth were significantly slower in birds kept on the shorter photoperiod compared to the longer photoperiod and in deafened quail compared to intact quail. The difference in cloacal gland size between deafened and intact birds was markedly greater on the minimal compared to the maximal stimulatory photoperiod. These findings suggest that under a minimal stimulatory photoperiod auditory information supplements the photoperiod to accelerate reproductive maturation. At a maximal stimulatory photoperiod, however, the effects of auditory cues on cloacal gland growth appear masked.
进行了两项实验，以进一步研究社会刺激和光照周期对雄性日本鹌鹑泄殖腔和性腺反应的相互作用。在实验1中，将处于最大刺激光照周期（15小时光照：9小时黑暗）的成年雄性鹌鹑进行手术致聋和/或与同室鹌鹑进行视觉隔离。6周后，视觉隔离的鹌鹑、致聋的鹌鹑、视觉隔离且致聋的鹌鹑以及对照鹌鹑之间，泄殖腔腺或睾丸大小没有差异。在最大刺激光照周期下，与其他雄性的听觉或视觉接触似乎都不是维持生殖活动所必需的。在实验2中，对5周龄的雄性鹌鹑进行手术致聋，并将其置于最大刺激光照周期（15小时光照：9小时黑暗）或最小刺激光照周期（12小时光照：12小时黑暗）下约10周。与较长光照周期的鹌鹑相比，处于较短光照周期的鹌鹑以及与未致聋的鹌鹑相比，致聋鹌鹑的泄殖腔腺生长速率明显较慢。与最大刺激光照周期相比，在最小刺激光照周期下，致聋和未致聋鹌鹑之间泄殖腔腺大小的差异明显更大。这些发现表明，在最小刺激光照周期下，听觉信息补充了光照周期，以加速生殖成熟。然而，在最大刺激光照周期下，听觉线索对泄殖腔腺生长的影响似乎被掩盖了。
