Mekonen Enyew Getaneh, Workneh Belayneh Shetie, Ali Mohammed Seid, Muluneh Niguse Yigzaw
Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021 Feb 9;14:109-122. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S300262. eCollection 2021.
A poorly known contagious disease outbreak, like COVID-19, leads to unavoidable stress, fear, and anxiety. During the pandemic, University students suffer from adverse mental health outcomes resulted from the continuous spread of the disease, sensational media reporting, and implementation of social lockdown. Graduating class students are more affected due to cancellation and postponing of anticipated events such as exchange studies and graduation ceremonies. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety, depression, and stress among graduating class students.
Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 10 to 30, 2020 at the University of Gondar. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select 350 students. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire, entered in EPI DATA version 3, analyzed using SPSS version 21, and presented in frequencies, percentages, tables, and graphs. Bivariable and multivariable analysis was investigated using a binary logistic regression model.
The prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among graduating class students was 22.2%, 39.6%, and 40.2% respectively. Living in an urban area, living with a family, sedentary lifestyle, unable to practice COVID-19 preventive measures, and having a contact history increases the risk of developing stress. Living in an urban area, substance use, sedentary lifestyle, and fear of infecting family increase the risk of developing anxiety. Students who came from an urban area, live with a family, study non-health departments, had confirmed cases in the family and did not perform physical exercise had higher odds of developing depression.
More than one-fifth, more than one-third, and nearly two-fifths of graduating students had stress, anxiety, and depression respectively. It is better to develop effective strategies and interventions, train students about self-protection, and establish a psychological crisis intervention team to minimize the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
像新冠肺炎这样鲜为人知的传染病爆发会导致不可避免的压力、恐惧和焦虑。在疫情期间，大学生因疾病的持续传播、媒体的耸人听闻的报道以及社会封锁的实施而出现不良心理健康结果。毕业班学生受到的影响更大，因为诸如交换学习和毕业典礼等预期活动被取消或推迟。本研究旨在评估毕业班学生焦虑、抑郁和压力的患病率及相关因素。
2020年11月10日至30日在贡德尔大学进行了基于机构的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术选取350名学生。使用结构化自填问卷收集数据，录入EPI DATA 3版本，用SPSS 21版本进行分析，并以频率、百分比、表格和图表形式呈现。使用二元逻辑回归模型进行双变量和多变量分析。
毕业班学生中压力、焦虑和抑郁的患病率分别为22.2%、39.6%和40.2%。生活在城市地区、与家人同住、久坐不动的生活方式、无法实施新冠肺炎预防措施以及有接触史会增加产生压力的风险。生活在城市地区、使用毒品、久坐不动的生活方式以及担心感染家人会增加产生焦虑的风险。来自城市地区、与家人同住、学习非卫生部门专业、家中有确诊病例且不进行体育锻炼的学生患抑郁症的几率更高。
分别有超过五分之一、超过三分之一和近五分之二的毕业班学生有压力、焦虑和抑郁。最好制定有效的策略和干预措施，对学生进行自我保护培训，并建立心理危机干预小组，以尽量减少新冠肺炎疫情的心理影响。
