Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine & Pathology Unit, Department of Stomatology II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country/EHU, Lejona, Spain.
Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK.
Oral Dis. 2021 Nov;27(8):1881-1895. doi: 10.1111/odi.13810. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
Oral leukoplakia (OL) is the most frequently encountered oral potentially malignant disorder. The aims of this systematic review are to estimate the overall malignant transformation of OL and to assess the risk factors associated with malignant transformation of OL published in the last 5 years (2015-2020).
We performed a bibliographic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases with keywords "oral leukoplakia", "oral cancer", "oral carcinoma" and "oral squamous cell carcinoma". Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model.
Twenty-four studies were selected, that reported a total of 16,604 patients. Malignant transformation proportion varied between 1.1% and 40.8%. Female gender, non-homogeneous clinical type, and presence of epithelial dysplasia were significantly related to MT. Other risk factors previously suggested did not show significant results.
The pooled proportion of malignant transformation MT was 9.8% (95% CI: 7.9-11.7). It is necessary to continue to conduct well-designed prospective clinicopathological studies on OL, using a uniform definition for OL to reduce the risk of bias for evaluating various factors associated with the MT.
口腔白斑（OL）是最常见的口腔潜在恶性疾病。本系统评价的目的是评估 OL 整体恶变的概率，并评估过去 5 年（2015-2020 年）发表的与 OL 恶变相关的风险因素。
我们使用关键词“口腔白斑”、“口腔癌”、“口腔癌”和“口腔鳞状细胞癌”在 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、Embase 和 Cochrane 数据库中进行了文献检索。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。
共纳入 24 项研究，总计 16604 例患者。恶变比例在 1.1%至 40.8%之间。女性、非均质临床类型和上皮异型增生与 MT 显著相关。其他先前提示的风险因素未显示出显著结果。
MT 的恶变总比例为 9.8%（95%CI：7.9-11.7）。有必要继续对 OL 进行设计良好的前瞻性临床病理研究，使用 OL 的统一定义，以降低评估与 MT 相关的各种因素时的偏倚风险。
