Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, History of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
Faculty of Education, Bachelor's Degree in Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, University of La Guajira, Riohacha, Colombia.
Front Public Health. 2021 Feb 4;8:610679. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.610679. eCollection 2020.
The objective of this study is to analyze the physical activity levels among the ethnic groups in La Guajira, Colombia, according to the different ethnic groups and their sociodemographic factors. With regards to ethnic groups, two groups were studied, ethnic (Indigenous and Afro-Colombian) and non-ethnic (White or Mestizo). In order to obtain the relevant data a non-probability sample of 251 people of ≥18 years of age were asked to complete the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). In this analysis, physical activity (METs.min) levels were considered as the dependent variable, while the independent variables were linked to the sociodemographic factors: sex, age, social class, civil status, educational level, and municipality of residence. The individuals were then categorized based on their physical activity levels and their compliance with the World Health Organization's (WHO) physical activity recommendations. Next, using the sociodemographic variables, regression models were made to determine the likelihood of the participants meeting these physical activity targets; these models found that 78.1% of the studied participants met the targets. According to the results of the bivariate analysis, participants of ≥47 years of age, and those with only a primary education presented a lower probability of complying with the physical activity recommendations, while those who lived in large municipalities (Riohacha) displayed a larger probability of compliance [OR = 2.16; 95% CI: (1.18-3.96)]. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis showed that Indigenous and Afro-Colombian people in a low social class are more likely to comply with the physical activity recommendations [ORad = 4.88; 95% CI: (1.31-18.1)], while residing in a smaller municipality (Manaure) is associated with a lower probability of compliance [ORad = 0.39; 95% CI: (0.16-0.91)]. In addition, the educated participants were shown to be active and to comply with the physical activity recommendations is to a high degree, even when compared with national and global results. In the ethnic group however, low social class stood out as the sociodemographic factor most associated with high physical activity, while Afro-Colombians were shown to be more active than the Indigenous people. The results of this study offer evidence that can either form a base for future research.
本研究的目的是根据不同的族群及其社会人口学因素，分析哥伦比亚瓜希拉地区各族群的身体活动水平。在族群方面，研究了两个群体，即族群（印第安人和非裔哥伦比亚人）和非族群（白人和梅斯蒂索人）。为了获得相关数据，对 251 名年龄≥18 岁的非概率样本进行了问卷调查，要求他们填写国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）的简短版。在这项分析中，体力活动（METs.min）水平被视为因变量，而独立变量与社会人口学因素有关：性别、年龄、社会阶层、婚姻状况、教育水平和居住的直辖市。然后根据体力活动水平和遵守世界卫生组织（WHO）体力活动建议的情况对个体进行分类。接下来，使用社会人口学变量，建立回归模型以确定参与者达到这些体力活动目标的可能性；这些模型发现，78.1%的研究参与者达到了目标。根据单变量分析的结果，年龄≥47 岁的参与者和只有小学教育的参与者遵守体力活动建议的可能性较低，而居住在较大直辖市（里奥哈查）的参与者遵守的可能性较大[OR=2.16；95%CI：（1.18-3.96）]。此外，多变量分析表明，社会阶层较低的印第安人和非裔哥伦比亚人更有可能遵守体力活动建议[ORad=4.88；95%CI：（1.31-18.1）]，而居住在较小的直辖市（马瑙雷）的参与者遵守的可能性较低[ORad=0.39；95%CI：（0.16-0.91）]。此外，受过教育的参与者表现出高度的活跃性，并高度遵守体力活动建议，甚至与国家和全球的结果相比也是如此。然而，在族群方面，低社会阶层是与高体力活动最相关的社会人口学因素，而非裔哥伦比亚人比印第安人更活跃。本研究的结果为未来的研究提供了证据基础。
