Lopez-Lopez Jose P, Cohen Daniel D, Alarcon-Ariza Natalia, Mogollon-Zehr Margarita, Ney-Salazar Daniela, Chacon-Manosalva Maria A, Martinez-Bello Daniel, Otero Johanna, Castillo-Lopez Gabriela, Perez-Mayorga Maritza, Rangarajan Sumathy, Yusuf Salim, Lopez-Jaramillo Patricio
Instituto MASIRA. Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Floridablanca, Colombia.
Am J Hypertens. 2022 Jul 1;35(7):610-618. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpac051.
A higher prevalence of hypertension is reported among Afro-descendants compared with other ethnic groups in high-income countries; however, there is a paucity of information in low- and medium-income countries.
We evaluated 3,745 adults from 3 ethnic groups (552 White, 2,746 Mestizos, 447 Afro-descendants) enrolled in the prospective population-based cohort study (PURE)-Colombia. We assessed associations between anthropometric, socioeconomic, behavioral factors, and hypertension.
The overall prevalence of hypertension was 39.2% and was higher in Afro-descendants (46.3%) than in Mestizos (37.6%) and Whites (41.5%), differences that were due to the higher prevalence in Afro-descendant women. Hypertension was associated with older age, increased body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, independent of ethnicity. Low education was associated with hypertension in all ethnic groups, and particularly in Afro-descendants, for whom it was the factor with the strongest association with prevalence. Notably, 70% of Afro-descendants had a low level of education, compared with 52% of Whites-26% of Whites were university graduates while only 7% of Afro-descendants were. We did not find that education level alone had a mediator effect, suggesting that it is not a causal risk factor for hypertension but is an indicator of socioeconomic status, itself an important determinant of hypertension prevalence.
We found that a higher prevalence of hypertension in Colombian Afro-descendants than other ethnic groups. This was principally associated with their lower mean educational level, an indicator of lower socioeconomic status.
在高收入国家，与其他种族群体相比，非洲裔后代的高血压患病率更高；然而，在中低收入国家，相关信息匮乏。
我们评估了参与基于人群的前瞻性队列研究（PURE）-哥伦比亚研究的3745名来自3个种族群体的成年人（552名白人、2746名混血儿、447名非洲裔后代）。我们评估了人体测量学、社会经济、行为因素与高血压之间的关联。
高血压的总体患病率为39.2%，非洲裔后代（46.3%）高于混血儿（37.6%）和白人（41.5%），这种差异是由于非洲裔后代女性的患病率较高。高血压与年龄较大、体重指数增加、腰围和腰臀比增加有关，与种族无关。低教育水平在所有种族群体中都与高血压有关，尤其是在非洲裔后代中，这是与患病率关联最强的因素。值得注意的是，70%的非洲裔后代教育水平较低，相比之下，白人中有52%教育水平较低——26%的白人是大学毕业生，而只有7%的非洲裔后代是大学毕业生。我们没有发现单独的教育水平有中介作用，这表明它不是高血压的因果风险因素，而是社会经济地位的一个指标，而社会经济地位本身是高血压患病率的一个重要决定因素。
我们发现哥伦比亚非洲裔后代的高血压患病率高于其他种族群体。这主要与其较低的平均教育水平有关，而平均教育水平是社会经济地位较低的一个指标。
