1Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota.
2Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Feb 22;104(4):1577-1581. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0601.
There is a high prevalence of blood-borne infections in West Africa. This study sought to determine the seroprevalence of blood-borne infections, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), HIV, and syphilis, in blood donors in Burkina Faso. Blood donors were recruited from 2009 to 2013 in four major cities in Burkina Faso of urban area (Ouagadougou) and rural area (Bobo Dioulasso, Fada N'Gourma, and Ouahigouya). Serology tests including hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, and rapid plasma reagin test were used for screening and were confirmed with ELISA. Disease prevalence was calculated among first-time donors. Incidence and residual risk were calculated from repeat donors. There were 166,681 donors; 43,084 had ≥ 2 donations. The overall seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis were 13.4%, 6.9%, 2.1%, and 2.4%, respectively. The incidence rates (IRs) of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis infection were 2,433, 3,056, 1,121, and 1,287 per 100,000 person-years. There was lower seroprevalence of HBV and HCV in urban area than in rural area (12.9% versus 14.0%, P < 0.001; and 5.9% versus 8.0%, P < 0.001), and no difference in HIV (2.1% versus 2.1%, P = 0.25). The IRs of new HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis were 2.43, 3.06, 1.12, and 1.29 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The residual risk was one per 268 donations for HBV, one per 181 donations for HCV, and one per 1,480 donations for HIV, respectively. In conclusion, this comprehensive study from four blood donation sites in Burkina Faso showed high HBV and HCV seroprevalence and incidence with high residual risk from blood donation.
在西非，血液传播感染的患病率很高。本研究旨在确定布基纳法索献血者中乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、HIV 和梅毒的血清流行率。献血者于 2009 年至 2013 年在布基纳法索的四个主要城市（瓦加杜古市区）和农村地区（博博迪乌拉索、法达恩古尔马和瓦加杜古）招募。使用包括乙型肝炎表面抗原、抗-HCV、抗-HIV 和快速血浆反应素试验在内的血清学检测进行筛查，并通过 ELISA 进行确认。在初次献血者中计算疾病患病率。从重复献血者中计算发病率和残留风险。共有 166681 名献血者；43084 人有≥2 次献血。HBV、HCV、HIV 和梅毒的总血清流行率分别为 13.4%、6.9%、2.1%和 2.4%。HBV、HCV、HIV 和梅毒感染的发病率（IR）分别为每 100000 人年 2433、3056、1121 和 1287 例。城市地区 HBV 和 HCV 的血清流行率低于农村地区（12.9%比 14.0%，P<0.001；5.9%比 8.0%，P<0.001），而 HIV 无差异（2.1%比 2.1%，P=0.25）。新 HBV、HCV、HIV 和梅毒的 IR 分别为每 100000 人年 2.43、3.06、1.12 和 1.29 例。HBV 的残留风险为每 268 份献血 1 例，HCV 为每 181 份献血 1 例，HIV 为每 1480 份献血 1 例。总之，这项来自布基纳法索四个献血点的全面研究表明，HBV 和 HCV 的血清流行率和发病率都很高，献血的残留风险也很高。
