乌干达一家三级私立医院血库中输血传播感染的流行趋势：一项为期6年的回顾性研究（2017 - 2022年）

Prevalence trends of transfusion-transmitted infections at a tertiary private hospital blood bank in Uganda: a retrospective 6-year review (2017-2022).

作者信息

Kanyike Andrew Marvin, Kakuba Frank, Mayambala Posiano, Nalunkuma Racheal, Nakandi Rachael Mukisa, Mulumba Yusuf, Namulema Edith, Nsingo Simon Peter, Ssebuufu Robinson

机构信息

Mengo Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.

Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala, Uganda.

出版信息

BMC Infect Dis. 2025 May 7;25(1):672. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-10882-x.

DOI:10.1186/s12879-025-10882-x

PMID:40335905

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12060397/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Blood transfusion is a life-saving medical intervention that can transmit transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). In Uganda, prevalent infections in the general population may increase the risk of TTIs. This study determined the trends in seroprevalence of TTIs, including the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and syphilis among blood donations over a 6-year period at a tertiary hospital blood bank in Uganda.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cross-sectional study utilizing data from Mengo Hospital Rotary Blood Bank in central Uganda. Data was accessed through the central electronic system of Uganda Blood Transfusion Services for January 2017 to December 2022. Data was analyzed using STATA version 16.0. Descriptive statistics and time trend analysis were performed. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

We analyzed 24,547 blood donations, the majority of which were male donors (18,525, 75.5%) within the age group of 25-40 years (9737, 39.7%) and of Blood group O (12,509, 51.0%). The overall prevalence of TTIs was 8.7% (2,142) and significantly higher among males (8.9%, p < 0.001) and those over 40 years (10.7%, p < 0.01). Syphilis had the highest prevalence at 3.0%, followed by HBV (2.8%), HCV (1.7%), and HIV (1.3%). Co-infections were observed in 0.6% (136) of the donors, with the most common being HBV and syphilis (33, 0.1%). The prevalence trends of TTIs analysed among new donations decreased from 13.7% in 2017 to 8.9% in 2022 (p = 0.124). Only HCV showed a statistically significant variation, decreasing from 5.2% in 2017 to 1.7% in 2022 (p = 0.009).

CONCLUSION

There is a decreasing trend of TTIs among blood donors in Central Uganda, although the prevalence of HBV and Syphilis remains high. Additional public health interventions to decrease TTI rates in the general population may increase the safety of blood transfusions.

摘要

背景

输血是一种挽救生命的医疗干预措施，但可能传播输血传播感染（TTIs）。在乌干达，普通人群中普遍存在的感染可能会增加输血传播感染的风险。本研究确定了乌干达一家三级医院血库在6年期间献血者中输血传播感染的血清学流行趋势，包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和梅毒。

方法

这是一项回顾性横断面研究，利用乌干达中部蒙戈医院扶轮血库的数据。数据通过乌干达输血服务中心电子系统获取，时间范围为2017年1月至2022年12月。使用STATA 16.0版本进行数据分析。进行了描述性统计和时间趋势分析。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

我们分析了24547份献血样本，其中大多数是年龄在25至40岁之间（9737份，占39.7%）的男性献血者（18525份，占75.5%），血型为O型的献血者有12509份（占51.0%）。输血传播感染的总体患病率为8.7%（2142例），男性（8.9%，p<0.001）和40岁以上人群（10.7%，p<0.01）的患病率显著更高。梅毒患病率最高，为3.0%，其次是HBV（2.8%）、HCV（1.7%）和HIV（1.3%）。0.6%（136例）的献血者存在合并感染，最常见的是HBV和梅毒（33例，占0.1%）。新献血样本中分析的输血传播感染患病率趋势从2017年的13.7%降至2022年的8.9%（p=0.124）。只有HCV显示出统计学上的显著变化，从2017年的5.2%降至2022年的1.7%（p=0.009）。