Metwally Ammal M, Elmosalami Dalia M, Elhariri Hazem, El Etreby Lobna A, Aboulghate Ahmed, El-Sonbaty Marwa M, Mohsen Amira, Saleh Rehan M, Abdel-Latif Ghada A, Samy Sahar, El Deeb Sherif E, Fathy Asmaa M, Salah Mohab M, Abdel Mawla Mohamed A, Imam Hanaa M, Ibrahim Nihad A, Shaaban Fatma A, Elamir Reham Y, Abdelrahman Mohamed, El-Sayed Manal H
Community Medicine Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Medical Research Division, Child Health Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 23;16(2):e0242257. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242257. eCollection 2021.
This study aimed at assessing the dominance of risk practices associated with HCV endemicity in Egypt and detecting the behavioral development level concerning different aspects of HCV risk behaviors with respect to age and gender. The survey highlights the most cost-effective strategies that could accelerate HCV elimination in Egypt.
A national household survey targeted 3780 individuals (age range: 10-85 years). The sample was a systematic probability proportionate to size from 6 governorates representing the six major subdivisions of Egypt. The indicators used for assessing the behavioral development level towards HCV included six domains: awareness (7 indicators), perceived risk (5 indicators), motivation with the intention to change (4 and 5 indicators for males and females respectively), trial, rejection or adoption (6 and 5 indicators for males and females respectively).
The study revealed that along the continuum of behavior development, the percentage of the participants who acquired half of the scores was as follows: 73.1% aware, 69.8% developed perceived risk, 80.6% motivated with only 28.9% adopting the recommended behaviors, 32% rejected them, 2.3% were in the trial stage versus 35.8% who did not try any. Adolescents had significantly lower levels of development for almost all domains when compared to adults. Statistical higher significance was detected in favor of adults, employees, married, Lower Egypt governorates, and university-educated participants (p<0.001) regarding awareness, perceived risk, and motivation scores. More than half of the participants incorrectly believed that contaminated food, sharing food utilities, contaminated water, mosquitoes, and schistosomiasis would lead to HCV transmission.
Egypt would be closer to HCV elimination when cost-effective strategies are directed not towards creating awareness, perceived risk or motivation to change- (at an acceptable level)- but towards motivating adopting risk-reduction behaviors for HCV, tackling misconceptions and reinforcement of social support.
本研究旨在评估埃及与丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）地方性流行相关的风险行为的主导情况，并检测不同年龄和性别的 HCV 风险行为各方面的行为发展水平。该调查突出了可加速埃及 HCV 消除的最具成本效益的策略。
一项全国家庭调查针对 3780 人（年龄范围：10 - 85 岁）。样本是从代表埃及六个主要分区的 6 个省份中按规模成比例抽取的系统概率样本。用于评估 HCV 行为发展水平的指标包括六个领域：意识（7 项指标）、感知风险（5 项指标）、改变意图的动机（男性和女性分别为 4 项和 5 项指标）、尝试、拒绝或采用（男性和女性分别为 6 项和 5 项指标）。
研究表明，在行为发展的连续过程中，获得一半分数的参与者百分比情况如下：73.1%有认识，69.8%形成感知风险，80.6%有动机，只有 28.9%采用推荐行为，32%拒绝，2.3%处于尝试阶段，而 35.8%未尝试任何行为。与成年人相比，青少年几乎在所有领域的发展水平都显著较低。在意识、感知风险和动机得分方面，检测到成年人、员工、已婚者、下埃及省份居民以及受过大学教育的参与者具有统计学上更高的显著性（p<0.001）。超过一半的参与者错误地认为受污染的食物、共用食物器具、受污染的水、蚊子和血吸虫病会导致 HCV 传播。
当具有成本效益的策略不是针对提高认识、感知风险或改变意图（达到可接受水平），而是针对促使采取降低 HCV 风险行为、解决误解以及加强社会支持时，埃及将更接近 HCV 消除目标。
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