Tigabu Abiye, Jember Abiyot, Nega Temesgen, Wubishet Getachew, Misganaw Hana, Goshu Tigist, Negash Markos
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2021 Feb 15;14:565-574. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S296792. eCollection 2021.
Bacterial meningitis is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. The most frequent causes of bacterial meningitis are , and . This study aimed to determine bacterial meningitis and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns among adult patients.
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on records of 3,683 patients to determine bacterial meningitis and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns from 2011 to 2020. Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected, inoculated on blood and chocolate agar plates, and then incubated at 37°c for 24 hours. Bacterial identification performed using morphological characters, Gram stain, and biochemical tests. And then antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done using modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Records of 3,683 culture results were collected and reviewed using a checklist from the registration book. Finally, data was entered, cleared, and checked using Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis.
Of the 3,683 patients, the overall prevalence of culture-positive bacterial meningitis was 1.28% (47/3683). Of them, bacterial meningitis in males was 1.61% (33/2052). (32%, 15/47) was the commonest isolate followed by , (12.80%, 6/47), , (12.80%, 6/47), and , (10.60%, 5/47). Out of 47 culture-positive isolates, 15 of them were MDR isolates. Ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, clindamycin, and erythromycin were the most effective antibiotics whereas penicillin, tetracycline, and cotrimoxazole were the least effective antibiotics for isolates. Gender (P = 0.047, AOR = 0.528, CI = 0.282-0.99) is significantly associated with bacterial meningitis.
The prevalence of bacterial meningitis among adult patients was 1.28%. Males are at high risk for bacterial meningitis compared to females. Therefore, infection preventive measures are required with a particular focus on adult patients. Further research is needed to explore the epidemiology and risk factors of bacterial meningitis.
细菌性脑膜炎是一种细菌感染，可导致围绕大脑和脊髓的膜发生炎症。细菌性脑膜炎最常见的病因是 、 和 。本研究旨在确定成年患者中的细菌性脑膜炎及其抗生素敏感性模式。
对3683例患者的记录进行回顾性横断面研究，以确定2011年至2020年期间的细菌性脑膜炎及其抗生素敏感性模式。采集脑脊液样本，接种于血琼脂平板和巧克力琼脂平板上，然后在37℃下孵育24小时。使用形态学特征、革兰氏染色和生化试验进行细菌鉴定。然后使用改良的 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散技术进行抗菌药物敏感性试验。收集3683份培养结果的记录，并使用登记册中的清单进行审查。最后，使用Epi-info 7版本输入、清理和检查数据，并导出到SPSS 20版本进行分析。
在3683例患者中，培养阳性细菌性脑膜炎的总体患病率为1.28%（47/3683）。其中，男性细菌性脑膜炎患病率为1.61%（33/2052）。 （32%，15/47）是最常见的分离株，其次是 （12.80%，6/47）、 （12.80%，6/47）和 （10.60%，5/47）。在47株培养阳性分离株中，有15株为多重耐药分离株。头孢曲松、氯霉素、环丙沙星、万古霉素、克林霉素和红霉素是最有效的抗生素，而青霉素、四环素和复方新诺明对分离株的效果最差。性别（P = 0.047，AOR = 0.528，CI = 0.282 - 0.99）与细菌性脑膜炎显著相关。
成年患者中细菌性脑膜炎的患病率为1.28%。与女性相比，男性患细菌性脑膜炎的风险更高。因此，需要采取感染预防措施，尤其关注成年患者。需要进一步研究以探索细菌性脑膜炎的流行病学和危险因素。
