Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2022 Jan 11;28(16):1784-1794. doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwaa070.
To investigate relationships between takeaway food and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption with cardiometabolic phenotypes during childhood and mid-adulthood.
Design: Cross-sectional Child Health CheckPoint within the national population-representative Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Participants: 1838 children (mean age 11.5 years; 49.1% female) and 1846 adults (mean age 43.7 years; 87.6% female). Exposures: Self-reported takeaway food and SSB consumption ('frequent': ≥ weekly). Outcomes: Functional (pulse wave velocity (PWV), blood pressure (BP)) and structural (carotid intima-media thickness, retinal microvascular calibre) preclinical cardiovascular phenotypes; lipids (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides). Analysis: Linear regression (exposure: takeaway or SSB consumption, individually or together) adjusted for age, sex and socio-economic position; and mediation analysis for body mass index (BMI).
Associations were small among children (standardized mean difference (SMD) ≤0.15). In adults, associations were stronger with functional, but not structural, cardiovascular phenotypes and lipids, particularly for frequent takeaway food consumption (e.g. PWV (0.20 m/s; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03 to 0.37); systolic (3.3 mmHg; 95% CI 1.3 to 5.3) and diastolic BP (1.4 mmHg; 95% CI 0.2 to 2.6); LDL (0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.18); HDL (-0.14 mmol/L; 95% CI -0.19 to -0.10) and triglycerides (0.30 mmol/L; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.48)]. BMI mediated associations between takeaway food consumption and PWV, BP, HDL and TG (proportion of mediation 34% to 75%), while mediation effects were smaller for SSB consumption.
Frequent takeaway food consumption in adults was associated with adverse blood lipids and vascular function (mainly via BMI). Lack of strong associations in children highlights opportunities for prevention.
研究儿童和成年中期期间，外卖食品和含糖饮料（SSB）消费与心脏代谢表型之间的关系。
设计：全国代表性的澳大利亚儿童纵向研究中的儿童健康检查点的横断面研究。参与者：1838 名儿童（平均年龄 11.5 岁；49.1%为女性）和 1846 名成年人（平均年龄 43.7 岁；87.6%为女性）。暴露：自我报告的外卖食品和 SSB 消费（“频繁”：每周≥一次）。结局：功能性（脉搏波速度（PWV）、血压（BP））和结构性（颈动脉内膜中层厚度、视网膜微血管口径）心血管前临床表型；血脂（总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、甘油三酯）。分析：线性回归（暴露：外卖或 SSB 消费，单独或一起）调整年龄、性别和社会经济地位；并进行中介分析以评估体重指数（BMI）。
在儿童中，关联较小（标准化平均差（SMD）≤0.15）。在成年人中，与功能性但不是结构性心血管表型和血脂的关联更强，尤其是频繁食用外卖食品（例如 PWV（0.20m/s；95%置信区间（CI）0.03 至 0.37）；收缩压（3.3mmHg；95%CI 1.3 至 5.3）和舒张压（1.4mmHg；95%CI 0.2 至 2.6）；LDL（0.10mmol/L；95%CI 0.02 至 0.18）；HDL（-0.14mmol/L；95%CI -0.19 至 -0.10）和甘油三酯（0.30mmol/L；95%CI 0.12 至 0.48））。BMI 介导了外卖食品消费与 PWV、BP、HDL 和 TG 之间的关联（34%至 75%的中介效应），而 SSB 消费的中介效应较小。
成年人频繁食用外卖食品与不良血脂和血管功能有关（主要通过 BMI）。儿童中缺乏强烈关联突显了预防的机会。
