Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service, 10300, Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States of America.
Res Vet Sci. 2021 May;136:151-157. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.02.008. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
Apicomplexan species in the genus Sarcocystis form tissue cysts, in their intermediate hosts, similar to those established in chronic toxoplasmosis. More than 200 species are known, but just a few are known to threaten human health owing to infection in livestock species. Intestinal sarcocystosis occurs when people consume raw or undercooked beef contaminated with Sarcocystis hominis or S. heydorni or undercooked pork contaminated with S. suihominis. Those infections may cause mild enteritis, but most infections are thought to be asymptomatic. People also become dead-end (intermediate) hosts for non-human Sarcocystis spp. after accidentally ingesting sporocysts, leading to extraintestinal sarcocystosis. The clinical spectrum may range from asymptomatic muscle cysts to a severe, acute, eosinophilic myositis associated with systemic symptoms with peripheral eosinophilia. Most human cases have been described from Southeast Asia, but Sarcocystis parasites have a worldwide distribution, especially where livestock is raised, and human infections in other areas have been described but may be underrecognized.
肉孢子虫属的肉孢子虫形成组织包囊，类似于慢性弓形虫病中建立的包囊，存在于中间宿主中。已知有 200 多种，但由于感染了家畜物种，只有少数几种被认为威胁人类健康。当人们食用被人芽囊原虫或哈氏肉孢子虫污染的未煮熟的牛肉或被猪人肉孢子虫污染的未煮熟的猪肉时，就会发生肠肉孢子虫病。这些感染可能导致轻度肠炎，但大多数感染被认为是无症状的。人们在意外摄入孢子囊后也会成为非人类肉孢子虫的终末（中间）宿主，导致肠外肉孢子虫病。临床谱可能从无症状的肌肉囊肿到伴有全身症状和外周嗜酸性粒细胞增多的严重急性嗜酸性肌炎不等。大多数人类病例都发生在东南亚，但肉孢子虫寄生虫分布广泛，尤其是在饲养家畜的地方，在其他地区也有描述人类感染，但可能被低估。
