El-Hajj Maya, Salameh Pascale, Rachidi Samar, Al-Hajje Amal, Hosseini Hassan
PhD, MPH. Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University. Hadath (Lebanon).
PhD. Clinical and Epidemiological Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University. Hadath (Lebanon).
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2021 Jan-Mar;19(1):2157. doi: 10.18549/PharmPract.2021.1.2157. Epub 2021 Feb 7.
The objective of this study was to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeD) and the risk of stroke in the Lebanese population.
A hospital based case-control study was conducted in Lebanon between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2016. Data were collected prospectively using a standardized questionnaire. Adherence to the MeD was assessed based on the total number of points a patient can have on the MeD scale. Data were analysed using SPSS version 24. The strength of association between the risk of stroke and adherence to MeD was expressed in odds ratio (OR) through 95% confidence interval. P-value <0.05 determined statistical significance.
Around 205 stroke cases and 445 hospitalized stroke-free patients were included in this study. In the total study sample, the MeD had a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 11 points with a median of 7 points. Stroke patients had a lower MeD median compared to controls (6 vs 8 points). Around 29.5% of the total sample had a MeD score within the first quartile (52.3% of them had a stroke) and 24% of all included subjects scored within the last quartile (7% of them hospitalized for stroke) (p<0.001). The higher the adherence to MeD the lower the risk of stroke. High adherence to MeD was associated with a decreased risk of stroke, OR 0.1 (95%CI, 0.04-0.24; p<0.001).
Higher adherence to MeD significantly decreases the risk of stroke in the Lebanese population. Good lifestyle choices are encouraged in order to prevent many vascular diseases including stroke.
本研究的目的是评估黎巴嫩人群对地中海饮食（MeD）的依从性以及中风风险。
2015年1月1日至2016年12月31日期间在黎巴嫩进行了一项基于医院的病例对照研究。使用标准化问卷前瞻性收集数据。根据患者在地中海饮食量表上可获得的总分评估对地中海饮食的依从性。使用SPSS 24版软件进行数据分析。中风风险与地中海饮食依从性之间的关联强度通过95%置信区间的比值比（OR）表示。P值<0.05确定具有统计学意义。
本研究纳入了约205例中风病例和445例无中风住院患者。在整个研究样本中，地中海饮食得分最低为2分，最高为11分，中位数为7分。与对照组相比，中风患者的地中海饮食中位数较低（6分对8分）。约29.5%的总样本在地中海饮食得分的第一四分位数范围内（其中52.3%发生了中风），所有纳入受试者中有24%得分在最后四分位数范围内（其中7%因中风住院）（p<0.001）。对地中海饮食的依从性越高，中风风险越低。高度依从地中海饮食与中风风险降低相关，OR为0.1（95%CI，0.04 - 0.24；p<0.001）。
在黎巴嫩人群中，更高程度地依从地中海饮食可显著降低中风风险。为预防包括中风在内的许多血管疾病，鼓励做出良好的生活方式选择。
