São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, Brazil.
Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2022 Jun;22(6):916-925. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2021.1895892. Epub 2021 Mar 21.
Physical activity has been associated with enhanced mental health among adults. However, it is not clear in the literature which domains (occupational, transport and leisure-time exercise) and intensities (moderate, vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous) of activity provide the greatest benefits. The aim of the present study was to describe the association of different domains and intensities of physical activity with depressive symptoms in adults. This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted among 209 adults (≥18 years) in Brazil. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the HADS questionnaire (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Physical activity intensities (moderate, vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous) were device-measured by accelerometry. Physical activity in different domains (occupational, transport, and leisure-time exercise) was self-reported using a questionnaire. Chronological age, ethnicity, body mass index, highest academic achievement, employment status, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, chronic morbidity and soft-drink ingestion were adopted as adjustment confounding factors. Linear regression analysis revealed that total self-reported physical activity [ = -0.100 (95%CI: -0.180 to -0.019)] and leisure-time exercise [ = -0.311 (95%CI: -0.468 to -0.155)] were negatively associated with depressive symptoms, but only leisure-time exercise remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors [ = -0.243 (95%CI: -0.409 to -0.076)]. Thus, leisure-time exercise was cross-sectionally associated with lower depressive symptoms in community-dwelling adults.HighlightsLeisure-time physical activity was the only physical activity domain associated with lower depressive symptoms.This association appears to be independent of potential confounders.Potential interventions should focus on leisure-time domain.
身体活动与成年人的心理健康增强有关。然而，文献中并不清楚哪些活动领域（职业、交通和休闲时间运动）和强度（适度、剧烈和适度剧烈）的活动带来最大的益处。本研究旨在描述不同领域和强度的身体活动与成年人抑郁症状的关系。这是一项在巴西进行的 209 名成年人（≥18 岁）的横断面观察性研究。抑郁症状使用 HADS 问卷（医院焦虑和抑郁量表）进行评估。身体活动强度（适度、剧烈和适度剧烈）通过加速度计进行设备测量。不同领域（职业、交通和休闲时间运动）的身体活动使用问卷进行自我报告。年龄、种族、体重指数、最高学历、就业状况、饮酒、吸烟、慢性疾病和软饮料摄入被采用为调整混杂因素。线性回归分析显示，总自我报告的身体活动[ = -0.100（95%CI：-0.180 至-0.019）]和休闲时间运动[ = -0.311（95%CI：-0.468 至-0.155）]与抑郁症状呈负相关，但仅休闲时间运动在调整混杂因素后仍具有显著意义[ = -0.243（95%CI：-0.409 至-0.076）]。因此，休闲时间运动与社区居住成年人的抑郁症状呈横断面相关。
