Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine.
Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health.
J Epidemiol. 2018 Feb 5;28(2):94-98. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20170009. Epub 2017 Oct 28.
Data on the effect of physical activity intensity on depression is scarce. We investigated the prospective association between intensity of leisure-time exercise and risk of depressive symptoms among Japanese workers.
The participants were 29,052 employees (24,653 men and 4,399 women) aged 20 to 64 years without psychiatric disease including depressive symptoms at health checkup in 2006-2007 and were followed up until 2014-2015. Details of leisure-time exercise were ascertained via a questionnaire. Depressive states were assessed using a 13-item questionnaire. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio of depressive symptoms was estimated using Cox regression analysis.
During a mean follow-up of 5.8 years with 168,203 person-years, 6,847 workers developed depressive symptoms. Compared with workers who engaged in no exercise during leisure-time (0 MET-hours per week), hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) associated with >0 to <7.5, 7.5 to <15.0, and ≥15.0 MET-hours of leisure-time exercise were 0.88 (0.82-0.94), 0.85 (0.76-0.94), and 0.78 (0.68-0.88) among workers who engaged in moderate-intensity exercise alone; 0.93 (0.82-1.06), 0.82 (0.68-0.98), and 0.83 (0.71-0.98) among workers who engaged in vigorous-intensity exercise alone; and 0.96 (0.80-1.15), 0.80 (0.67-0.95), and 0.76 (0.66-0.87) among workers who engaged in both moderate- and vigorous-intensity exercise with adjustment for age, sex, lifestyles, work-related and socioeconomic factors, and body mass index. Additional adjustment for baseline depression score attenuated the inverse association, especially among those who engaged in moderate-intensity exercise alone.
The results suggest that vigorous-intensity exercise alone or vigorous-intensity combined with moderate-intensity exercise would prevent depressive symptoms among Japanese workers.
关于体力活动强度对抑郁影响的数据很少。我们调查了日本工人中休闲时间锻炼强度与抑郁症状风险之间的前瞻性关联。
参与者为 29052 名年龄在 20 至 64 岁之间的员工（24653 名男性和 4399 名女性），他们在 2006-2007 年体检时没有精神疾病，包括抑郁症状，并在 2014-2015 年进行了随访。通过问卷确定休闲时间运动的详细信息。使用 13 项问卷评估抑郁状态。使用 Cox 回归分析估计抑郁症状的多变量调整风险比。
在平均 5.8 年的随访期间（168203 人年），6847 名工人出现了抑郁症状。与休闲时间不运动（每周 0 个代谢当量小时）的工人相比，仅进行中等强度运动的工人中，与 0 至<7.5、7.5 至<15.0 和≥15.0 个代谢当量小时休闲时间运动相关的风险比（95%置信区间）分别为 0.88（0.82-0.94）、0.85（0.76-0.94）和 0.78（0.68-0.88）；仅进行高强度运动的工人分别为 0.93（0.82-1.06）、0.82（0.68-0.98）和 0.83（0.71-0.98）；同时进行中高强度运动的工人分别为 0.96（0.80-1.15）、0.80（0.67-0.95）和 0.76（0.66-0.87）。在调整年龄、性别、生活方式、与工作相关和社会经济因素以及体重指数后，该结果仍然成立。调整基线抑郁评分后，这种反比关系减弱，尤其是在仅进行中等强度运动的人群中。
结果表明，单独进行高强度运动或高强度与中等强度运动相结合可以预防日本工人的抑郁症状。
