Hastings Cent Rep. 2021 Jan;51 Suppl 1:S10-S14. doi: 10.1002/hast.1223.
A civic ideal is an ideal of deliberative self-governance. People who participate in discussing what their own groups should do are being civic. Civic venues, institutions, and habits have waned since the mid-1990s. In the 1990s, a movement arose to restore them, under the banner of "civic renewal." This movement was carefully nonpartisan, often impartial about specific issues, and interested in creating alternative settings that could complement such basic political institutions as Congress and elections. As the condition of democracy has worsened in recent years, this approach looks inadequate or irrelevant. The most promising sources of civic renewal now are parties and social movements that have substantive agendas, such as racial justice, and that improve civic life as a collateral benefit.
公民理想是审议式自我治理的理想。参与讨论自己所属群体应该做什么的人就是公民。自 20 世纪 90 年代中期以来，公民场所、机构和习惯日渐式微。20 世纪 90 年代，一场以“公民更新”为旗号的运动兴起，旨在恢复这些场所、机构和习惯。这场运动非常不具党派性，对具体问题往往保持公正，并且热衷于创造可以补充国会和选举等基本政治机构的替代环境。近年来，随着民主状况的恶化，这种方法似乎显得不够充分或不相关。目前，公民更新最有希望的来源是有实质性议程的政党和社会运动，如种族正义，并且将改善公民生活作为附带利益。
