Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, Ctra Nnal IV-A Km. 396, E-14014 Cordoba, Spain.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 37185-359, Iran.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 May 1;178:193-228. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.123. Epub 2021 Feb 22.
Although nanotechnology-driven drug delivery systems are relatively new, they are rapidly evolving since the nanomaterials are deployed as effective means of diagnosis and delivery of assorted therapeutic agents to targeted intracellular sites in a controlled release manner. Nanomedicine and nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are rapidly developing as they play crucial roles in the development of therapeutic strategies for various types of cancer and malignancy. Nevertheless, high costs, associated toxicity and production of complexities are some of the critical barriers for their applications. Green nanomedicines have continually been improved as one of the viable approaches towards tumor drug delivery, thus making a notable impact on which considerably affect cancer treatment. In this regard, the utilization of natural and renewable feedstocks as a starting point for the fabrication of nanosystems can considerably contribute to the development of green nanomedicines. Nanostructures and biopolymers derived from natural and biorenewable resources such as proteins, lipids, lignin, hyaluronic acid, starch, cellulose, gum, pectin, alginate, and chitosan play vital roles in the development of cancer nanotherapy, imaging and management. This review uncovers recent investigations on diverse nanoarchitectures fabricated from natural and renewable feedstocks for the controlled/sustained and targeted drug/gene delivery systems against cancers including an outlook on some of the scientific challenges and opportunities in this field. Various important natural biopolymers and nanomaterials for cancer nanotherapy are covered and the scientific challenges and opportunities in this field are reviewed.
尽管基于纳米技术的药物输送系统相对较新，但由于纳米材料被用作有效手段，可以以受控释放的方式将各种治疗剂递送到靶向细胞内部位，因此它们正在迅速发展。纳米医学和纳米颗粒药物输送系统正在迅速发展，因为它们在开发各种类型癌症和恶性肿瘤的治疗策略方面发挥着关键作用。然而，高成本、相关毒性和生产复杂性是它们应用的一些关键障碍。绿色纳米药物作为肿瘤药物输送的可行方法之一，一直在不断改进，因此对癌症治疗产生了显著影响。在这方面，利用天然和可再生原料作为制造纳米系统的起点可以为绿色纳米药物的发展做出重大贡献。源自天然和生物可再生资源的纳米结构和生物聚合物，如蛋白质、脂质、木质素、透明质酸、淀粉、纤维素、树胶、果胶、藻酸盐和壳聚糖，在癌症纳米治疗、成像和管理的发展中发挥着重要作用。本综述揭示了最近利用天然和可再生原料制造用于控制/持续和靶向药物/基因输送系统的各种纳米结构的研究，包括该领域的一些科学挑战和机遇的展望。涵盖了用于癌症纳米治疗的各种重要天然生物聚合物和纳米材料，并综述了该领域的科学挑战和机遇。
